9.3 Thermodynamics and Forces

Cards (18)

  • Thermodynamics is the branch of physics that deals with the transfer of energy as heat and work
  • Forces can cause work to be done, which is a form of energy transfer in thermodynamics
  • Frictional forces can generate heat, increasing the thermal energy of a system.

    True
  • Match the type of force with its description:
    Gravitational ↔️ Attracts objects with mass
    Normal ↔️ Perpendicular to a surface
    Frictional ↔️ Opposes motion between surfaces
    Tension ↔️ Pulling force through a rope
    Applied ↔️ Force exerted by one object on another
  • Match the thermodynamic process with its work equation:
    Isothermal ↔️ W=W =nRTln⁡(V2V1) nRT \ln\left(\frac{V_{2}}{V_{1}}\right)
    Adiabatic ↔️ W=W =P2V2−P1V11−γ \frac{P_{2}V_{2} - P_{1}V_{1}}{1 - \gamma}
    Isobaric ↔️ W=W =P(V2−V1) P(V_{2} - V_{1})
    Isochoric ↔️ W=W =0 0
  • What is the work done in an isobaric process if a gas expands from 2 m3\text{m}^{3} to 5 m3\text{m}^{3} at a pressure of 1.5×105 Pa1.5 \times 10^{5} \text{ Pa}?

    4.5×105 J4.5 \times 10^{5} \text{ J}
  • What is thermodynamics concerned with?
    Energy transfer and transformations
  • According to Newton's first law, what happens to a body unless acted upon by an external force?
    Remains at rest or in uniform motion
  • Match the type of force with its description:
    Gravitational ↔️ Attracts objects with mass
    Frictional ↔️ Opposes motion between surfaces
    Applied ↔️ Force exerted by one object on another
  • Frictional forces can generate heat, increasing the thermal energy of a system.
    True
  • In thermodynamics, work done by a force can be calculated using principles governing different types of processes: isothermal, adiabatic, isobaric, and isochoric
  • The work done in an isothermal process depends on the change in volume and temperature.

    True
  • Forces cause objects to accelerate or change shape.

    True
  • What does Newton's third law state?
    For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction
  • Forces can cause work to be done, which is a form of energy transfer
  • Arrange the following types of forces in order from strongest to weakest based on their common magnitude:
    1️⃣ Gravitational
    2️⃣ Frictional
    3️⃣ Tension
    4️⃣ Applied
  • In an isochoric process, no work is done because the volume remains constant.

    True
  • What is the work done in an isothermal process if 2 moles of an ideal gas expand from 1 m3\text{m}^{3} to 3 m3\text{m}^{3} at a temperature of 300 K300 \text{ K}?

    5474.5 J5474.5 \text{ J}