Software Development

• What methodologies should be understood in software development?

  Waterfall, agile, extreme programming, spiral, RAD
• What are the stages of the System Life Cycle?


  • Definition of problem
  • Feasibility study
  • Information collection
  • Analysis of information
  • Design of solution
• Why is accurately defining the problem crucial in the System Life Cycle?

  To ensure the correct problem is solved
• What is assessed during the feasibility study?

  Whether the problem can be solved
• What does the analysis of information collected lead to?

  Formulation of requirements specification
• What is created during the design of the solution stage?

  Design specification and data structures
• What is the main idea of the waterfall method?

  Sequentially passing from one stage to the next
• How does each stage in the waterfall lifecycle interact with the next?

  Each stage feeds information to the next
• What happens if more information is needed during the waterfall method?

  Return to previous stages to collect data
• What is a disadvantage of the waterfall method?

  It is inflexible to changing circumstances
• What is the main focus of the spiral model?

  Regular evaluation and refinement of stages
• What does the spiral model emphasize in its process?

  Frequent client feedback and risk management
• What are the four quadrants of the spiral model?

  Determine objectives, manage risk, develop, plan
• How does the spiral model differ from the waterfall model in terms of client feedback?

  Spiral relies on frequent client feedback
• What is a key advantage of the spiral model over the waterfall model?

  Faster feedback cycle than waterfall approach
• What is the purpose of Rapid Application Development (RAD)?

  To produce a solution quickly
• What are the steps in the Rapid Application Development process?

  1. Create a prototype
  2. Evaluate and gather feedback
  3. Make changes
  4. Repeat until final product
• What is a prototype in software development?

  A simple version to illustrate features
• What is the purpose of prototyping?

  To show managers how the system will look
• What is extreme programming focused on?

  Producing high-quality code
• What is a key characteristic of extreme programming?

  It allows development to respond to changing requirements
• What is a disadvantage of extreme programming?

  Hard to manage large teams of developers
• What are the different testing methods in software development?

  • Blackbox testing
  • Whitebox testing
  • Alpha testing
  • Beta testing
• What is blackbox testing used for?

  Testing functionality without inner knowledge
• What does whitebox testing focus on?

  Testing algorithms to ensure they work
• What is alpha testing?

  Internal testing by programmers
• What is beta testing?

  Testing by third parties or end users
• How should alpha testing be used during software creation?

  To check the process being created
• How should blackbox testing be applied?

  To ensure expected outputs are produced
• How should whitebox testing be applied?

  To ensure algorithms function correctly
• How should acceptance testing be conducted?

  By showing software to end users
• What are the stages of problem identification in the System Life Cycle?

  • Different ideas of the problem
  • Agreement on the problem to solve
  • Importance of analyst and manager roles
• What are the components of requirement specification?

  • Input requirements
  • Output requirements
  • Processing requirements
  • Client agreement
  • Hardware and software needs
• What does the design specification include?

  • Input and output design
  • Data structure design
  • Overall system diagram
  • Algorithms and flowcharts
• What is included in the installation strategy?

  • Method of implementation
  • Training program
  • File creation and adaptation
  • Hardware installation
  • System testing
• What is involved in the evaluation stage of the System Life Cycle?

  • Client evaluation of requirements
  • Analyst evaluation for payment
  • Rigorous testing with normal and abnormal data
• What are the types of maintenance in software development?

  • Corrective maintenance for errors
  • Adaptive maintenance for changing parameters
  • Perfective maintenance for performance improvement