(The Working Memory Model ( Baddeley and Hitch, 1974)

• How does the WWM lack clarity over the Central executive?

  Alan Baddeley (2003) recognises that the CE is the most important but least understood component

  • the CE needs to be more clearly specified (some psychologists believe it has sewerage components)Meaning the WMM isn't fully explained
• 1 Limitation of the WMM

  Lack of clarity over the central executive
• How are studies of Dual task performance a strength to the WMM?

  Baddeley et al (1975)

  • showed that participants had more difficulty doing 2 visual tasks (tracking a light and describing the letter F) than doing a visual and verbal taskMeaning there is different slave systems that processes visual input
• How does the WMM have clinical evidence?

  Shallice and Warrington’s (1970)

  • Case study of KF (who suffered brain damage)
  • KF had poor STM ability for verbal information but could process visual information ( difficulty with sound but could remember digits)
  • Suggests the phonological loop had been damaged leaving the over areas of memory intact
  • Supporting the separate visual and acoustic stores
  • HOWEVER - may not be reliable because it concerns unique cases (brain damage)
• 2 strength is the WMM

  • Clinical evidence
  • Dual task performance
• EPISODIC BUFFER

  • added to the model in 2000
  • limited capacity system ( holds 4 chunks )
  • provides TEMPORARY STORAGE for information
  • of INTEGRATES INFORMATION from the 2 systems into a single episodic representation;maintains time sequencing.
• Inner scribe


  record spatial movement and information
• visual cache


  Stores visual information ( shape and colour)
• VISO-SPATIAL SKETCHPAD


  • deals with VISUAL and SPATIAL information
  • active when someone performs a visual task
  • capacity of 3-4 objects
  • 2 parts; visual cache and inner scribe
• Articulatory control process


  ( component of the phonological loop)

  • linked to speech production
  • a rehearses verbal information from the phonological loop
• Phonological store (inner ear)


  ( component of Phonological loop)Linked to speech perception

  • holds the amount of words that can be spoken in 2 seconds
• THE PHONOLOGICAL LOOP


  • deals with SPOKEN and WRITTEN material
  • active when preforming verbal tasks
  • 2 parts; phonological store ( inner ear ) and Articulatory control process ( inner voice)
• CENTRAL EXCUTIVE


  • most important component
  • limited unitary store that drives the whole system
  • decides what information to pay attention to
  • a allocates info to the correct slave system
  • dual task increase on the CE
  • with practice tasks become automated
• Working Memory Model

  
• working memory


  when we are actively working on a task.
• why did Baddeley disagree with the MSM?

  disagreed that the short term memory was only one store.