4.1.4.4 Responses to Qualia Problem

• Qualia are considered to be private, intrinsic, and ineffable
• Qualia are measurable through scientific methods.

  False
• Physicalism posits that reality is composed of both physical and non-physical substances.

  False
• Match the philosophical view with its approach to the qualia problem:

  Physicalism ↔️ Mental states are physical processes

  Property Dualism ↔️ Mental states have non-physical properties

  Eliminative Materialism ↔️ Qualia do not exist
• Qualia are non-physical properties that emerge from the physical brain
• Qualia are subjective, meaning they are unique to each individual
• Objective physical states are measurable through scientific methods
• The explanatory gap in the qualia problem refers to the challenge of understanding how physical states give rise to subjective consciousness
• Physicalists argue that qualia are identical to specific physical brain states.


  True
• Property dualism aims to preserve the reality of consciousness while grounding it in the physical world.


  True
• Eliminative materialism believes that folk psychology will be replaced by a more accurate, physicalist account of the mind.


  True
• Eliminative materialists argue that neuroscience will replace folk psychology with a physicalist account of the mind.
• The Higher-Order Perception (HOP) Theory proposes that consciousness emerges from perceiving internal states.
• Higher-order theories aim to bridge the explanatory gap between physical processes and the experience of qualia.
• What is a major weakness of eliminative materialism?

  Denies subjective experience
• What is the explanatory gap in the qualia problem?

  Physical processes to experiences
• Qualia are difficult to fully express in words
• What does property dualism argue about the relationship between mental states and physical brain states?

  Distinct non-physical properties
• What is the primary goal of property dualism in addressing the qualia problem?

  Bridge the explanatory gap
• Property dualism argues that mental properties, including qualia, are real but distinct from physical processes.


  True
• Qualia are intrinsic, meaning they are essential aspects of the experience.

  True
• Qualia are highly variable across individuals.


  True
• Why is grasping the difference between objective and subjective experiences crucial for understanding the mind-body relationship?

  Highlights the explanatory gap
• What do physicalists believe about the perception of qualia?

  It is an illusion
• What does eliminative materialism argue about qualia?

  They do not exist
• Eliminative materialism offers a radical solution to the qualia
• Eliminative materialism contrasts with property dualism in its rejection of qualia.


  True
• Physicalism explains qualia as non-physical properties.

  False
• What are qualia in the context of conscious mental states?

  Subjective, first-person experiences
• Arrange the aspects of the qualia problem in order of complexity:

  1️⃣ Physical brain processes

  2️⃣ Subjective experience (qualia)

  3️⃣ Measurability differences

  4️⃣ Explainability challenges
• What is the core belief of physicalism regarding mental states such as qualia?

  They are physical processes
• Property dualism argues that qualia emerge from the physical brain
• What are mental states proposed to be identical to in physicalism?

  Physical brain states
• Define qualia.

  Subjective first-person experiences
• Why are qualia considered ineffable?

  Difficult to express in words
• What is the qualia problem about?

  Relating subjective experiences to physical brain processes
• Physicalism posits that mental states are either physical processes or do not exist as distinct entities
• Property dualism argues that mental states have distinct non-physical properties that arise from the physical brain
• Eliminative materialists contend that our intuitive notions of qualia are fundamentally mistaken
• Eliminative materialists believe that qualia are real and need to be explained by physical processes.

  False