2.1 Violence and Terrorism

• Terrorism is the use of violence and intimidation to achieve political aims
• What is the motivation behind violence in general?

  Personal, social, criminal
• What is the legal status of violence?

  Illegal but not politically motivated
• What is the primary goal of terrorism according to its definition?

  Create fear and instability
• What distinguishes terrorism from violence in terms of motivation?

  Political, ideological, religious
• Imam Feisal Abdul Rauf promotes a moderate interpretation of Islam, condemning extremism


  True
• What does violence refer to?

  Physical force to cause harm
• Terrorists often target civilians to create fear and instability in society


  True
• Match the target with the correct term:

  Violence ↔️ Individuals or property

  Terrorism ↔️ Civilians to create fear
• Terrorism uses violence and intimidation to achieve political objectives
• Terrorism is always politically motivated, while violence may not be


  True
• What does the Bible teach Christians about enemies?

  Love your enemies
• Match the religious conflict with its example:

  Crusades ↔️ Conflicts between Christian and Muslim armies

  Troubles ↔️ Bombings and shootings in Northern Ireland

  9/11 Attacks ↔️ Extremist group Al-Qaeda
• Religious leaders generally condemn extremist violence that targets innocent civilians.

  True
• Mahatma Gandhi used non-violent civil disobedience to achieve India's independence.


  True
• Terrorism is always politically motivated.


  True
• Many religions condemn violence and terrorism, emphasizing peace and forgiveness.

  True
• Religious leaders play a role in promoting peace and opposing extremism.


  True
• Who is Desmond Tutu?

  Anglican bishop
• Which spiritual leader of Tibetan Buddhism has advocated for non-violent resistance to oppression?

  Dalai Lama
• Match the religious leader with their stance on violence and terrorism:

  Pope Francis ↔️ Denounced terrorism as acts against humanity

  Imam Feisal Abdul Rauf ↔️ Promotes moderate Islam

  Chief Rabbi Jonathan Sacks ↔️ Stressed mutual understanding

  Dalai Lama ↔️ Advocated non-violent resistance

  Mahatma Gandhi ↔️ Led India's independence non-violently
• Imam Feisal Abdul Rauf promotes a moderate interpretation of Islam
• What has Pope Francis consistently denounced in his speeches on violence and terrorism?

  Acts against humanity
• Which religious leader has consistently called for interreligious dialogue to address the root causes of terrorism?

  Pope Francis
• Pope Francis has consistently called for interreligious dialogue to address the root causes of terrorism.

  True
• Violence can stem from social or criminal motivations.

  True
• Match the characteristic with the correct term:

  Violence ↔️ Use of physical force to cause harm

  Terrorism ↔️ Use of violence to achieve political aims
• Terrorism is motivated by political, ideological, or religious reasons
• Terrorism is always illegal and politically motivated


  True
• Match the aspect with the correct term:

  Violence ↔️ Use of physical force causing harm

  Terrorism ↔️ Use of violence to achieve political aims
• Some religious texts can be used to justify violence under conditions such as self-defense
• The Quran mentions the concept of jihad, which can include armed conflict to defend Islam
• Which extremist group carried out the 9/11 attacks?

  al-Qaeda
• The Dalai Lama advocates for non-violent resistance to oppression
• The Troubles in Northern Ireland involved bombings and shootings between Catholic and Protestant groups
• What is the motivation behind violence according to the study material?

  Personal, social, criminal
• Most religions condemn terrorism and violence against civilians
• Match the religion with its key perspective on violence:

  Christianity ↔️ Condemns violence and advocates for non-violence

  Islam ↔️ Includes jihad for self-defense but opposes violence against innocents

  Judaism ↔️ Emphasizes peace and justice, rejecting extremism

  Buddhism ↔️ Promotes non-violence and compassion

  Hinduism ↔️ Highlights non-violence and peaceful conflict resolution
• What did Desmond Tutu advocate for, even in the struggle against apartheid?

  Non-violent resistance
• Arrange the following examples of violence and terrorism in religious contexts chronologically:

  1️⃣ The Crusades

  2️⃣ The Troubles in Northern Ireland

  3️⃣ The 9/11 attacks