9.1. Gravitational Fields

• What do gravitational field lines represent?

  Direction of gravitational force
• Gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of the masses
• Gravitational field strength is the gravitational force per unit mass
• Match the field type with its characteristic:

  Constant field strength ↔️ Uniform Field

  Decreases with distance ↔️ Radial Field
• In a uniform gravitational field, the field strength is constant
• What is the direction of the force in a radial gravitational field?

  Towards the source
• Why is the gravitational field near the Earth's surface considered uniform?

  Inverse square effect is negligible
• Gravitational field lines represent the direction of the gravitational force.

  True
• Match the properties with the correct force type:

  Gravitational Force ↔️ Attractive only

  Electric Force ↔️ Attractive or repulsive
• In a radial gravitational field, the field strength decreases with distance
• The gravitational field strength around planets and stars follows the inverse square law
• In radial gravitational fields, the field strength is not constant
• Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation states that the gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance
• Gravitational acceleration is equal to gravitational field strength.

  True
• Near Earth's surface, the formula for gravitational potential energy is $U =$$mgh$


  True
• Match the property with the correct type of field:

  Gravitational Field ↔️ Region where mass experiences gravitational force

  Electric Field ↔️ Region where charge experiences electric force
• The gravitational force formula is F = G * (m1 * m2) / r^{2}</latex>


  True
• Gravitational force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance between masses.

  True
• Is gravitational force weaker or stronger compared to electric force?

  Weaker
• In a uniform gravitational field, the field strength is constant
• Radial gravitational fields follow the inverse square law
• What is the value of the gravitational constant used in Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation?

  6.674 \times 10^{-11} \, Nm^2/kg^2</latex>
• Gravitational acceleration describes the motion of an object within a gravitational field.


  True
• Gravitational field strength describes the motion of an object within the field.

  False
• What is potential energy in gravitational fields?

  Energy stored due to position
• Gravitational potential energy near Earth's surface depends linearly on distance.


  True
• A larger mass increases escape velocity.


  True
• The square of the orbital period is proportional to the cube of the semi-major axis in Kepler's third law.


  True
• What is the formula for gravitational force between two masses?

  $F =$$G *$$(m1 * m2) / r^{2}$
• What is the name of the law that describes the decrease of gravitational field strength with distance from a source mass?

  Inverse Square Law
• What is the formula for gravitational potential energy at a height h above the Earth's surface?

  $U =$$mgh$
• Gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of the masses
• What is the minimum speed an object needs to escape the gravitational pull of a planet or celestial body called?

  Escape velocity
• What is the escape velocity from the Earth's surface?

  Approximately 11.2 km/s
• The escape velocity from the Earth's surface is approximately 11.2 km/s.
• The gravitational field strength is the force per unit mass
• Match the property with the correct field:

  Region where mass experiences gravitational force ↔️ Gravitational Field

  Force per unit charge ↔️ Electric Field
• Gravitational force is always attractive.

  True
• In a uniform gravitational field, the field strength is constant.


  True
• Gravitational fields are always attractive.


  True