8.2.2 Breathing Mechanism

• The respiratory system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood.


  True
• The respiratory system aids in the production of sound for speech.

  True
• The pharynx serves as a passageway for both air and food.


  True
• The lungs are the main site of gas exchange
• The diaphragm contracts and flattens during inhalation.


  True
• The respiratory system regulates blood pH.


  True
• The respiratory system exchanges oxygen and carbon dioxide between air and blood.


  True
• The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide
• What does the respiratory system filter from inhaled air?

  Particulate matter
• Which organ humidifies air entering the respiratory system?

  Nose/Mouth
• What are the bronchi responsible for in the respiratory system?

  Carrying air into the lungs
• Steps of air movement during inhalation

  1️⃣ The diaphragm contracts and flattens

  2️⃣ The rib cage expands as intercostal muscles contract

  3️⃣ The pressure in the lungs decreases

  4️⃣ Air rushes into the lungs from high to low pressure
• What gases are exchanged between the air and blood in the respiratory system?

  Oxygen and carbon dioxide
• The diaphragm facilitates breathing movements
• The lungs are the main site of gas exchange
• The larynx contains vocal cords for sound production
• Match each organ with its function in breathing:

  Nose/Mouth ↔️ Air enters and is humidified

  Pharynx ↔️ Passageway for air and food

  Larynx ↔️ Contains vocal cords

  Trachea ↔️ Carries air to lungs

  Bronchi ↔️ Branch into the lungs

  Lungs ↔️ Main site of gas exchange

  Diaphragm ↔️ Facilitates breathing movements
• During inhalation, the pressure inside the lungs decreases below atmospheric pressure

  True
• The diaphragm is located at the base of the chest cavity.
• What happens to air movement during inhalation?

  Air enters lungs
• The respiratory system helps regulate blood pH levels.
• The nose warms and filters air before it enters the respiratory system

  True
• Match the respiratory organ with its function:

  Nose/Mouth ↔️ Entry and humidification of air

  Pharynx ↔️ Passageway for air and food

  Larynx ↔️ Contains vocal cords for sound production

  Trachea ↔️ Carries air to the lungs
• The lungs are the main site of gas exchange in the respiratory system

  True
• Steps of inhalation

  1️⃣ Diaphragm contracts and flattens

  2️⃣ Rib cage expands as intercostal muscles contract

  3️⃣ Chest cavity volume increases

  4️⃣ Pressure in lungs decreases

  5️⃣ Air rushes into lungs
• Steps of exhalation

  1️⃣ Diaphragm relaxes and curves upwards

  2️⃣ Rib cage contracts as intercostal muscles relax

  3️⃣ Chest cavity volume decreases

  4️⃣ Pressure in lungs increases

  5️⃣ Air is forced out of lungs
• During exhalation, the diaphragm reduces chest cavity volume and increases lung pressure


  True
• Match the breathing phase with its corresponding changes:

  Inhalation ↔️ Diaphragm contracts, pressure decreases

  Exhalation ↔️ Diaphragm relaxes, pressure increases
• The lungs are responsible for oxygen intake and carbon dioxide removal


  True
• Steps of inhalation

  1️⃣ Diaphragm contracts and flattens

  2️⃣ Rib cage expands as intercostal muscles contract

  3️⃣ Chest cavity volume increases

  4️⃣ Pressure in lungs decreases

  5️⃣ Air rushes into lungs
• Steps in the process of exhalation

  1️⃣ Diaphragm relaxes and curves upward

  2️⃣ Intercostal muscles relax

  3️⃣ Chest cavity volume decreases

  4️⃣ Lung pressure increases above atmospheric pressure

  5️⃣ Air is forced out of the lungs
• Match the breathing phase with diaphragm action and chest cavity volume changes:

  Inhalation ↔️ Contracts and flattens, Increases

  Exhalation ↔️ Relaxes and curves upward, Decreases
• Match the breathing phase with intercostal muscle action and air movement:

  Inhalation ↔️ Contract, Air enters lungs

  Exhalation ↔️ Relax, Air exits lungs
• Steps in the process of gas exchange in the lungs

  1️⃣ Oxygen diffuses from alveoli to capillaries

  2️⃣ Carbon dioxide diffuses from capillaries to alveoli

  3️⃣ Oxygen-rich blood returns to the heart

  4️⃣ Carbon dioxide is exhaled
• What is the primary function of the respiratory system?

  Gas exchange
• The respiratory system regulates blood pH
• The diaphragm is a muscle that facilitates breathing movements
• The larynx contains the vocal cords for sound production
• The diaphragm contracts and relaxes to facilitate breathing movements.


  True
• The rib cage expands as intercostal muscles contract