2.2 Data Presentation and Interpretation

• What are the two main types of data?

  Qualitative and Quantitative
• Match the type of data with its description:

  Qualitative Data ↔️ Describes qualities or characteristics

  Quantitative Data ↔️ Describes quantities or measurements
• Frequency tables for continuous data list each unique data value.

  False
• What does quantitative data describe?

  Quantities or measurements
• How is continuous data represented in a frequency table?

  Grouped into intervals
• What does cumulative frequency show?

  Running total of frequencies
• What type of data are bar charts used to visualize?

  Discrete data
• Histograms group continuous data into intervals.

  True
• Cumulative frequency tables allow you to easily determine the proportion of data below a certain value
• Qualitative data describes qualities or characteristics
• Histograms represent continuous data grouped into bins
• What does the bar height in a histogram represent?

  Frequency within each interval
• What is the 50th percentile also known as?

  Median
• What is the primary purpose of scatter diagrams?

  Visualize relationships between variables
• The shape of a cumulative frequency curve is a smooth curve.


  True
• Scatter diagrams help identify correlation between variables.

  True
• What role does the independent variable play in a scatter diagram?

  Controlled/manipulated
• Qualitative data describes qualities or characteristics
• For discrete data, a frequency table lists each unique data value and its corresponding frequency
• Histograms use bars to represent the frequency within each interval.

  True
• Match the aspect with the correct type of frequency:

  Shows ↔️ Count of each value for Regular, Running total of frequencies for Cumulative

  Usefulness ↔️ Understanding data distribution for Regular, Understanding proportions for Cumulative

  Example ↔️ Frequency of exam scores for Regular, Cumulative exam scores below each value for Cumulative
• Which quartile represents the 50th percentile?

  Q2
• Cumulative frequency curves are used to estimate percentiles
• Qualitative data can be measured numerically.

  False
• What is the purpose of frequency tables?

  Organize and summarize data
• Steps to construct a cumulative frequency table:

  1️⃣ Start with a regular frequency table

  2️⃣ In the cumulative frequency column, add up the frequencies from the start up to each row
• Match the type of frequency table with its description:

  Regular Frequency Table ↔️ Shows the count of each data value/interval

  Cumulative Frequency Table ↔️ Shows the running total of frequencies
• What do histograms visualize?

  Continuous data
• Cumulative Frequency refers to the running total of frequencies
• What does a cumulative frequency table show that a regular frequency table does not?

  Running total of frequencies
• What is an example of quantitative data?

  Age
• What is an example of discrete data?

  Number of pets
• Bar charts are used to represent continuous data.

  False
• The formula for percentile rank is: Percentile Rank = (# values below X / total number of values) x 100
• To construct an ogive, cumulative frequencies are plotted against the upper boundary
• Cumulative frequency curves are used to determine proportions below a value
• Scatter diagrams are used to visualize the relationship between two variables
• In a scatter diagram, the dependent variable is measured or affected
• What are the two broad types of data?

  Qualitative and Quantitative
• What does a frequency table display?

  Frequency of data values