3.2.1.4 Critiques of Ontological Arguments

    Cards (28)

    • The ontological argument relies on empirical evidence.
      False
    • What does the ontological argument define God as in its first premise?
      Greatest possible being
    • Existence is considered a perfection in the ontological argument.

      True
    • Why does the ontological argument claim that existence in reality is superior to existence in mind?
      It is more perfect
    • Gaunilo argued that the ontological argument could "prove" the existence of any imaginary perfect being.
      True
    • If something exists only in the mind, it is not the greatest possible being
    • Gaunilo's perfect island analogy demonstrates the flaw in deducing existence from definition
    • Why does Kant view the ontological argument as a tautological argument?
      It assumes God's existence
    • The critiques of the ontological argument do not definitively prove that God cannot exist
    • One of the main premises of the ontological argument is that God is the greatest possible being
    • The ontological argument claims that existence is a form of perfection
    • What example did Gaunilo use to critique the ontological argument?
      Perfect island
    • Existence is considered a perfection in the ontological argument.

      True
    • Who proposed the critique of the ontological argument using the perfect island analogy?
      Gaunilo
    • Immanuel Kant argued that existence cannot be considered a predicate
    • What is the key criticism of the ontological argument presented by Gaunilo?
      Perfect island analogy
    • The ontological argument attempts to logically deduce God's existence without relying on empirical evidence
    • What is the premise defining God in the ontological argument?
      God is the greatest possible being
    • The ontological argument relies on empirical evidence to prove God's existence.
      False
    • What is the term for Gaunilo's critique that reduces the ontological argument to an absurd conclusion?
      Reductio ad absurdum
    • Match Kant's critiques with their descriptions:
      Existence as a predicate ↔️ Existence does not add new information to a concept
      Tautological argument ↔️ The ontological argument assumes God's existence
    • The ontological argument attempts to prove God's existence based solely on the definition or concept of God
    • If something exists only in the mind, according to the ontological argument, it is not the greatest possible being
    • The conclusion of the ontological argument is that God exists.

      True
    • Who challenged the ontological argument using the example of a perfect island?
      Gaunilo
    • What is the conclusion of the ontological argument regarding God's existence?
      God exists
    • Gaunilo argued that defining a being as perfect necessitates its existence in reality.
      False
    • Kant believed that existence adds new characteristics to a concept.
      False