3.1 Research Methodologies

• Qualitative research aims to understand language use in context.


  True
• Quantitative methods can miss the context of language use.


  True
• Qualitative methods provide objective, measurable data.

  False
• Match the research method with its focus:

  Qualitative ↔️ In-depth, descriptive analysis

  Quantitative ↔️ Numerical data and statistical analysis
• Match the quantitative method with its description:

  Surveys ↔️ Collect data using questionnaires

  Experiments ↔️ Manipulate variables to observe effects

  Corpus analysis ↔️ Analyze large text datasets
• Match the qualitative method with its description:

  Interviews ↔️ Collect first-hand accounts from participants

  Observations ↔️ Record language use in natural settings

  Case studies ↔️ Study a single case or small number of cases
• Data collection in qualitative research includes interviews, observations, and case studies.
• Observations capture real-world language behavior but can be obtrusive.

  True
• Match the qualitative data analysis technique with its description:

  Thematic Analysis ↔️ Identifies recurring themes in the data

  Discourse Analysis ↔️ Examines how language constructs meaning

  Conversation Analysis ↔️ Studies the structure of conversations
• Qualitative research uses methods like interviews, observations, and case studies
• Interviews in qualitative research collect detailed, first-hand accounts from participants
• Combining qualitative and quantitative approaches provides a more comprehensive understanding of language phenomena.


  True
• Steps to combining qualitative and quantitative approaches

  1️⃣ Identify research objectives

  2️⃣ Select appropriate methodologies

  3️⃣ Collect qualitative data

  4️⃣ Collect quantitative data

  5️⃣ Analyze and integrate findings
• What is a limitation of using interviews in language research?

  Time-consuming
• What does conversation analysis study in language research?

  Structure of conversations
• The choice of data analysis technique should align with the research methodology and objectives.


  True
• What are the two main types of research methodologies in language research?

  Qualitative and quantitative
• Quantitative research methods use numerical data and statistical analysis to identify patterns, trends, and relationships
• Qualitative research methods focus on in-depth, descriptive analysis of language use
• The key difference between quantitative and qualitative research lies in their focus
• Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies provide complementary insights into language use and structure.


  True
• Corpus analysis is an objective method that can reveal subtle trends in language.


  True
• Qualitative methods provide rich, contextual data about language use.


  True
• Qualitative methods are better suited for understanding language use in context.


  True
• Match the qualitative data analysis technique with its description:

  Thematic analysis ↔️ Identifies recurring themes in data

  Discourse analysis ↔️ Examines language use to construct meaning

  Conversation analysis ↔️ Studies the structure of conversations
• Match the research method with its primary focus:

  Qualitative ↔️ In-depth, descriptive analysis

  Quantitative ↔️ Numerical data and statistical analysis
• Match the quantitative method with its description:

  Surveys ↔️ Collect data from a sample using questionnaires

  Experiments ↔️ Manipulate variables to observe effects

  Corpus analysis ↔️ Analyzes large text datasets
• Match the qualitative method with its description:

  Interviews ↔️ Collect detailed, first-hand accounts

  Observations ↔️ Observe and record language in natural settings

  Case studies ↔️ Intensive study of a single case
• The two main types of language research methods are qualitative and quantitative.
• Quantitative research methods use numerical data and statistical analysis to identify patterns in language use.
• Qualitative research methods focus on in-depth, descriptive analysis of language use.
• The focus of quantitative research is on numerical data and statistical analysis.
• Surveys are an efficient data collection technique but rely on self-reported data.
• Descriptive statistics summarize and describe the basic features of the data
• Steps in qualitative research (example):

  1️⃣ Collect rich, contextual data

  2️⃣ Identify recurring themes

  3️⃣ Analyze language use

  4️⃣ Provide detailed interpretations
• Steps in quantitative research (example):

  1️⃣ Collect numerical data

  2️⃣ Perform statistical analysis

  3️⃣ Identify trends and relationships

  4️⃣ Draw objective conclusions
• Qualitative methods are well-suited for understanding language use and meaning
• Qualitative methods are better for understanding language use and meaning in context
• Experiments provide strong evidence of cause-and-effect
• Match the qualitative and quantitative data collection techniques with their focus:

  Interviews ↔️ In-depth, contextual data

  Corpus Analysis ↔️ Numerical, measurable insights

  Observations ↔️ Real-world language behavior