2.8 Intelligence and Achievement

• What is the definition of intelligence in psychology?

  Mental abilities for learning
• Intelligence is solely determined by genetic factors and not influenced by environmental factors.

  False
• How many types of intelligence does Gardner's theory suggest exist?

  Eight
• Gardner's multiple intelligences theory includes eight independent types of intelligence
• What do IQ tests primarily measure?

  Cognitive abilities
• Socioeconomic status can influence IQ test performance.

  True
• The g factor theory proposes a single general intelligence factor that underlies all cognitive abilities
• Intelligence is solely determined by genetic factors.

  False
• Intelligence is shaped by both genetic and environmental factors.


  True
• Match the intelligence theory with its key components:

  Spearman's g factor ↔️ g factor

  Gardner's multiple intelligences ↔️ Linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, etc.

  Sternberg's triarchic theory ↔️ Analytical, creative, practical
• IQ test performance can be influenced by cultural bias, educational background, and socioeconomic status
• IQ test performance can be influenced by cultural bias, educational background, and socioeconomic status.


  True
• What percentage range of variation in intelligence is attributed to genetic factors?

  40-80%
• Match the factor with its impact on intelligence:

  Genetic ↔️ Accounts for 40-80% of variation

  Education ↔️ Enhances cognitive abilities

  Socioeconomic Status ↔️ Higher status, higher IQ

  Nutrition ↔️ Positively impacts brain development
• There is a positive correlation between intelligence and academic achievement
• Match the factor with its impact on the intelligence-achievement relationship:

  Motivation and Effort ↔️ Can compensate for lower IQ

  Learning Disabilities ↔️ May hinder academic success

  Cultural Biases ↔️ May affect IQ test scores

  Socioeconomic Status ↔️ Access to educational resources
• Why might individuals from cultures without standardized testing perform poorly on IQ tests?

  Lack of familiarity
• Intelligence is a simple, universal trait.

  False
• Which educational practice addresses the limitations of IQ tests?

  Multiple assessment methods
• What are the three cognitive processes that define intelligence?

  Reasoning, planning, understanding
• Compare the core concepts of Spearman's g factor and Gardner's multiple intelligences:

  1️⃣ Spearman's g factor: Single general intelligence

  2️⃣ Gardner's multiple intelligences: Eight independent intelligences
• What is the key difference between Spearman's g factor and Gardner's multiple intelligences theories?

  Single vs. eight intelligences
• What is the purpose of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) tests?

  To measure intelligence
• What is one factor that can influence IQ test performance?

  Cultural bias
• There is a positive correlation between intelligence and academic achievement.
• Cultural biases in intelligence tests can affect the accuracy of assessing individuals from diverse cultural backgrounds.
• When interpreting intelligence assessments, it is crucial to consider the cultural context.
• Overreliance on IQ tests can provide a biased and incomplete assessment of a student's abilities.

  True
• What does Gardner's multiple intelligences theory suggest about intelligence?

  Eight independent types
• Spearman's g factor proposes a single general intelligence factor underlies all cognitive abilities
• Arrange the following steps in a logical order to describe the process of intelligence assessment using IQ tests:

  1️⃣ Standardized tasks and questions

  2️⃣ Administer the test

  3️⃣ Score the results

  4️⃣ Compare scores to normative reference population

  5️⃣ Interpret the individual's performance
• Cultural context is irrelevant when interpreting intelligence assessments.

  False
• What theory suggests that IQ tests may not capture the full breadth of intelligence?

  Multiple intelligences
• IQ tests fully capture all types of intelligence as defined by the multiple intelligences theory.

  False
• What does standardized administration of IQ tests ensure?

  Consistency across individuals
• How many independent types of intelligence does Gardner's theory suggest exist?

  Eight
• Spearman's g factor suggests a single general intelligence that explains overall cognitive performance
• IQ tests measure the full breadth of intelligence as suggested by the multiple intelligences theory.

  False
• The multiple intelligences theory suggests that intelligence encompasses a broader range of abilities
• IQ tests measure specific cognitive skills, such as reasoning and problem-solving