2.4.3 Moral Responsibility:

• What is the state of being accountable for one's actions and their consequences called?

  Moral responsibility
• What does the Free Will perspective suggest about human actions?

  We have the power to choose
• What is the theory that all events, including human actions, are causally determined by prior events?

  Causal determinism
• What does the Determinism perspective suggest about human actions?

  Actions are predetermined
• What is the central question of the Free Will vs. Determinism debate?

  Free choices or predetermined
• Intention is the purpose or aim behind an action
• Arguments for causal determinism include natural laws, scientific predictability, and patterns in human behavior
• Match the compatibilist perspective with its key argument:

  Free Will ↔️ Compatible with determinism

  Moral Responsibility ↔️ Depends on rational deliberation
• What is moral responsibility defined as?

  Being accountable for actions
• Moral agency refers to the capacity to understand and apply moral standards
• The Free Will perspective suggests that humans have the power to make their own decisions.

  True
• Foresight is the awareness of the potential consequences of an action.


  True
• Compatibilism argues that freedom and determinism can coexist.


  True
• The Free Will vs. Determinism debate explores whether our actions are products of free choice or predetermined by natural laws.


  True
• Foresight refers to the awareness of the potential consequences
• Moral agency is the capacity to understand and apply moral standards.


  True
• Accountability refers to the state of being held responsible for one's actions
• Intention refers to the purpose or aim behind an action
• What is the central claim of causal determinism?

  All events are causally determined
• Compatibilists believe free will requires independence from causal factors.

  False
• What is resultant luck in moral philosophy?

  Consequences influenced by chance
• Awareness of consequences is necessary for moral responsibility.

  True
• Match the key aspects of moral responsibility with their descriptions:

  Moral Agency ↔️ Understanding and applying moral standards

  Accountability ↔️ Being held responsible for actions

  Consequences ↔️ Results of actions determining moral assessment
• What does Determinism argue about moral responsibility?

  It undermines moral responsibility
• Match the perspectives with their principles and implications:

  Causal Determinism ↔️ Every event is caused by prior events ||| Undermines moral responsibility

  Free Will ↔️ Humans have genuine choice over actions ||| Supports holding individuals accountable
• What is the ethical implication of moral responsibility for justice?

  Fair assignment of blame and praise
• Match the philosophical perspective with its key argument:

  Free Will ↔️ Moral responsibility requires free will.

  Determinism ↔️ Natural laws dictate events.
• An individual can have good intentions but lack foresight about the consequences of their actions.


  True
• Match the key aspect of moral responsibility with its description:

  Moral Agency ↔️ Understanding moral standards.

  Accountability ↔️ Being held responsible.

  Consequences ↔️ Results of actions.
• Consequences of actions are used to determine moral assessments.


  True
• What does foresight involve in moral philosophy?

  Awareness of consequences
• Match the perspective with its implication for moral responsibility:

  Causal Determinism ↔️ Undermines moral responsibility

  Free Will ↔️ Supports individual accountability
• According to compatibilism, what defines free will?

  Acting on motivations and desires
• Moral luck supports the idea that individuals are always fully accountable for their actions.

  False
• What does it mean to exercise free will in the context of moral responsibility?

  Choosing actions without coercion
• What is the central question of the Free Will vs. Determinism debate?

  Whether actions are free or predetermined
• Intention refers to the purpose or aim behind an action
• What does Compatibilism propose about free will and determinism?

  They are compatible
• Order the ethical considerations influenced by moral responsibility from individual to societal impacts:

  1️⃣ Moral Accountability

  2️⃣ Justice

  3️⃣ Personal Development

  4️⃣ Social Consequences
• To be morally responsible, an individual must possess moral agency