3.3 Applying complex grammatical structures

• To form more complex sentences in German, it is essential to utilize conjunctions
• In the German sentence "Ich esse Brot," the verb "esse" (eat) comes second
• Subordinate clauses in German are introduced by subordinating conjunctions
• In a subordinate clause, the verb is moved to the end of the sentence.


  True
• What is the typical German sentence structure similar to in English?

  Subject-Verb-Object (SVO)
• What type of phrases can add concise information to German sentences?

  Participial phrases
• What is a separable verb in German, and where does its second part go in a sentence?

  Splits with part at end
• What are three common subordinating conjunctions in German?

  weil, dass, wenn
• What is the primary purpose of relative pronouns in German sentences?

  Introduce relative clauses
• What is an example of a subordinate clause using the subordinating conjunction "weil"?

  Ich esse Brot, weil ich Hunger habe
• In subordinate clauses, the verb is moved to the end, unlike the second position in main clauses.


  True
• Relative pronouns differ from subordinating conjunctions in that they refer back to a noun or pronoun in the main clause
• Order the key differences between main and subordinate clauses:

  1️⃣ Verb in second position (main clause)

  2️⃣ Verb in final position (subordinate clause)

  3️⃣ Can stand alone (main clause)

  4️⃣ Cannot stand alone (subordinate clause)
• In a subordinate clause, the verb is moved to the end
• Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses, while relative pronouns refer to a noun or pronoun
• What is the function of participial phrases in German?

  Act as adjectives
• What is the fundamental rule of German sentence structure regarding the verb's position?

  Verb always comes second
• A subordinate clause can stand alone as a complete sentence.

  False
• The verb in a subordinate clause is in the final position.


  True
• How do relative pronouns differ from subordinating conjunctions?

  They refer to nouns
• Subordinating conjunctions introduce dependent clauses.

  True
• There are two main types of participial phrases in German.


  True
• Participial phrases are more concise than subordinate clauses.

  True
• What role do participial phrases play in German sentences?

  Modify nouns
• Match the participle type with its formation:

  Present Participle ↔️ Verb stem + -end

  Past Participle ↔️ Verb prefix + stem + -t/-en
• What do adverbial phrases provide information about in German?

  Verb, adjective, or adverb
• Ein Beispiel für ein Adverb als adverbiale Phrase ist gestern, was Zeit angibt.
• Inversion structures in German are used to highlight specific elements in the sentence.
• Im Nominativ ist das Nomen die Subjekt des Satzes.
• In German, the verb always comes second in a main clause.

  True
• Learning inversion structures can enhance the grammatical correctness of German writing.


  True
• German word order is inflexible and must always adhere strictly to SVO.

  False
• Match the main clause characteristic with its subordinate clause counterpart:

  Verb in second position ↔️ Verb in final position

  Can stand alone ↔️ Depends on main clause

  Ich esse Brot ↔️ weil ich Brot esse
• Match the relative pronoun with its example:

  der ↔️ Das ist der Hund, der bellt

  welcher ↔️ Das ist der Hund, welcher bellt
• In German, the verb always comes second in the sentence, regardless of other elements.


  True
• Subordinate clauses are introduced by subordinating conjunctions
• Match the relative pronoun with its example:

  der/die/das ↔️ Das ist der Hund, der bellt.

  welcher/welche/welches ↔️ Das ist der Hund, welcher bellt.
• Coordinating conjunctions link two independent clauses.


  True
• The past participle in German always ends with -en.

  False
• In a main clause, the verb is typically in the second