1.7 Sensation

• Sensory receptors are specialized cells that convert stimuli into electrical signals.


  True
• Steps of the transduction process:

  1️⃣ Stimulus Detection

  2️⃣ Receptor Potential

  3️⃣ Action Potential

  4️⃣ Neural Transmission
• Sensation allows us to experience and perceive the world around us.


  True
• Sensory receptors convert stimuli into electrical signals for brain interpretation.


  True
• What are examples of environmental stimuli detected by sensory receptors?

  Light, sound, touch
• What happens to action potentials after they are created in sensory neurons?

  Transmitted to the brain
• What is the absolute threshold in sensation and perception?

  Minimum stimulus energy required
• Match the sense with its absolute threshold:

  Vision ↔️ Detect a single candle flame from 30 miles away

  Hearing ↔️ The faintest sound at 0 decibels

  Touch ↔️ The weight of a bee landing on skin

  Taste ↔️ Detect 1 teaspoon of sugar in 2 gallons of water

  Smell ↔️ Detect a single drop of perfume in a 3-room apartment
• Absolute thresholds focus on detecting the presence of a stimulus.


  True
• What does sensation refer to in psychology?

  Detecting environmental stimuli
• Match the receptor type with its function:

  Visual receptors ↔️ Detect light and color

  Auditory receptors ↔️ Detect sound waves

  Somatosensory receptors ↔️ Detect touch and pressure
• During the transduction process, sensory receptors detect a specific form of environmental stimulus, such as light
• Gustatory receptors detect taste in the gustatory
• Steps of the transduction process:

  1️⃣ Stimulus Detection

  2️⃣ Receptor Potential

  3️⃣ Action Potential

  4️⃣ Neural Transmission
• The detected stimulus triggers a change in the receptor's membrane potential, generating a potential
• The transduction process converts environmental stimuli into electrical signals
• An example of the absolute threshold for vision is the ability to detect a single candle flame from 30 miles away.
• What is another term for difference threshold?

  Just noticeable difference
• What is sensory adaptation?

  Reduced responsiveness to stimuli
• Sensation is the process by which our sensory receptors detect and encode environmental stimuli, allowing us to experience the world around us
• What do somatosensory receptors detect?

  Touch, pressure, pain
• What triggers the generation of action potentials in sensory receptors?

  Receptor potential
• What is the role of olfactory receptors?

  Detect smell
• What is generated when a stimulus triggers a change in the receptor's membrane potential?

  Receptor potential
• Receptor potentials create action potentials in sensory neurons.


  True
• Steps of the transduction process

  1️⃣ Stimulus detection

  2️⃣ Receptor potential generation

  3️⃣ Action potential creation

  4️⃣ Neural transmission
• What is the absolute threshold for hearing in decibels?

  0 decibels
• According to Weber's Law, the JND is proportional to the intensity of the stimulus
• Match the threshold type with its definition:

  Absolute Threshold ↔️ Minimum stimulus intensity to be detected

  Difference Threshold ↔️ Minimum change in stimulus intensity to be noticeable

  Sensory Adaptation ↔️ Reduced responsiveness to constant stimuli