1.2 Historical Context

• The historical context of the Spanish-speaking world is solely shaped by European immigration.

  False
• Latin American countries gained independence from Spain in the 17th century.

  False
• The blending of Spanish and indigenous cultures in the Americas resulted in a uniform cultural legacy.

  False
• Match the event with its corresponding year:

  15th Century ↔️ Colonization of the Americas begins

  1810s-1820s ↔️ Latin American independence

  Late 20th Century ↔️ Transition to democracy
• Which cultural element is associated with Spain?

  Flamenco
• The Spanish Empire's colonization of the Americas led to a blending of Spanish and indigenous cultures.
• Simón Bolívar's campaigns liberated several countries in northern South America, including Venezuela and Colombia.
• Match the country with its key cultural elements:

  Spain ↔️ Flamenco, tapas, Moorish architecture

  Mexico ↔️ Mariachi music, Day of the Dead, Mayan ruins

  Argentina ↔️ Tango, gauchos, Patagonian landscapes

  Chile ↔️ Andean music, seafood cuisine, Easter Island

  Colombia ↔️ Coffee, Gabriel García Márquez, Caribbean beaches
• What were two major influences on the independence movements in Spanish America?

  Enlightenment ideas, revolutions
• The Grito de Dolores in 1810 led directly to the Mexican War of Independence.

  True
• Match the country with its key cultural element:

  Spain ↔️ Flamenco

  Mexico ↔️ Mariachi music

  Argentina ↔️ Tango
• In the 15th century, Spain began colonizing the Americas, leading to the spread of the Spanish language
• In the 15th century, Spain began colonizing the Americas, leading to the spread of Spanish language and culture
• What is a key cultural element associated with Mexico?

  Mariachi music
• The spread of the Spanish language in the Americas was solely due to voluntary migration.

  False
• What year did the Grito de Dolores take place in Mexico?

  1810
• Order the following historical events in the Spanish-speaking world chronologically:

  1️⃣ Spain begins colonizing the Americas

  2️⃣ Latin American countries gain independence

  3️⃣ Waves of European immigration to Latin America

  4️⃣ Many Latin American countries experience political instability

  5️⃣ Transition to democratic governments
• The independence movements in Spanish America were influenced by Enlightenment ideas and the American and French revolutions.
• What was a primary economic grievance of the independence movements in Spanish America?

  Trade restrictions, taxation
• Order the key events of the independence movements in Spanish America chronologically.

  1️⃣ Grito de Dolores in Mexico (1810)

  2️⃣ Simón Bolívar's campaigns in northern South America (1810s-1820s)

  3️⃣ José de San Martín's campaigns in southern South America (1810s-1820s)
• A key cultural element of Spain is flamenco
• Match each country with its key cultural elements:

  Spain ↔️ Flamenco, tapas, Moorish architecture

  Mexico ↔️ Mariachi music, Day of the Dead, Mayan ruins

  Argentina ↔️ Tango, gauchos, Patagonian landscapes

  Chile ↔️ Andean music, seafood cuisine, Easter Island
• What was the outcome of the Spanish Civil War?

  Franco's dictatorship
• Mexico experienced a gradual democratization after one-party rule
• Which countries were liberated by José de San Martín's campaigns in southern South America?

  Argentina, Chile, Peru
• What was the main outcome of the independence movements in Spanish America?

  New nation-states
• Which country is known for mariachi music and the Day of the Dead?

  Mexico
• Who were the opposing forces in the Spanish Civil War?

  Republicans vs Nationalists
• What major political change occurred in Spain during the 1970s?

  Transition to democracy
• Which country's post-colonial development included the Pinochet dictatorship followed by a return to democracy?

  Chile
• What does the term "Spanish-speaking world" refer to?

  Countries influenced by Spanish culture
• Arrange the following key historical events in chronological order:

  1️⃣ 15th Century: Spain begins colonizing the Americas

  2️⃣ 1810s-1820s: Latin American countries gain independence

  3️⃣ Late 19th/Early 20th Century: Waves of European immigration to Latin America

  4️⃣ 1930s-1970s: Political instability in Latin America

  5️⃣ Late 20th Century: Transition to democracy and development
• What type of political instability did many Latin American countries experience in the 1930s-1970s?

  Military dictatorships
• What marked the late 20th century in the Spanish-speaking world?

  Transition to democracy
• Spain's cultural legacy includes elements such as flamenco, tapas, and Moorish architecture
• In what century did Spain begin colonizing the Americas?

  15th century
• The Spanish-speaking world is solely influenced by Spanish culture.

  False
• What were the primary reasons behind the independence movements in Spanish America?

  Resentment towards Spanish rule
• The independence movements in Spanish America in the early 19th century led to the formation of new independent nations
• Simón Bolívar's campaigns in northern South America led to the liberation of Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, and Bolivia