2.3 Structure of Ionic Solids

• Ionic solids are hard, brittle, and have high melting points.


  True
• What are ionic solids formed by?

  Ionic bonds
• Ionic solids are formed when cations and anions are held together by strong ionic bonds.
• The structure of a crystal lattice influences the physical properties of ionic solids.


  True
• What is a crystal lattice?

  Regular repeating arrangement of ions
• The specific crystal lattice structure influences the physical properties of the ionic solid.

  True
• A face-centered cubic lattice has atoms at the corners and each face
• What is the primary interaction that forms ionic bonds in ionic solids?

  Electrostatic attraction
• What are the three main types of crystal lattice structures?

  SC, BCC, FCC
• The coordination number for a simple cubic lattice is 6
• The formula unit of magnesium oxide (MgO) is MgO with a molar ratio of 1:1.


  True
• What is a formula unit in an ionic compound?

  Simplest ratio of ions
• What is the molar ratio of ions in CaF₂?

  1:2
• Why are ionic solids hard?

  Strong electrostatic forces
• What happens to the electrical conductivity of ionic solids when dissolved in water?

  Increases
• Ionic bonds in ionic solids are electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions.
• The basic repeating unit of a crystal lattice is called the unit cell.

  True
• Which crystal lattice has atoms at the corners and center of a cube?

  BCC
• The coordination number in a simple cubic lattice is 6.
• What is the coordination number for a Simple Cubic (SC) lattice?

  6
• Match the solid type with its bonding:

  Ionic ↔️ Ionic bonds

  Covalent Network ↔️ Covalent bonds

  Molecular ↔️ Intermolecular forces

  Metallic ↔️ Metallic bonds
• Arrange the following lattice types in order from simplest to most complex:

  1️⃣ Simple Cubic

  2️⃣ Body-Centered Cubic

  3️⃣ Face-Centered Cubic
• Match the lattice type with its unit cell:

  Simple Cubic ↔️ Cube with atoms at corners

  Body-Centered Cubic ↔️ Cube with atoms at corners and center

  Face-Centered Cubic ↔️ Cube with atoms at corners and face centers
• Match the lattice type with its unit cell arrangement:

  Simple Cubic ↔️ Cube with atoms at the corners

  Body-Centered Cubic ↔️ Cube with atoms at corners and center

  Face-Centered Cubic ↔️ Cube with atoms at corners and face centers
• How many atoms are in the unit cell of a body-centered cubic lattice?

  2
• Ionic bonds are electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions.


  True
• Ionic solids are known for being hard, brittle, and having high melting
• Covalent network solids are very hard and have high melting
• Why is the specific crystal lattice structure important for ionic solids?

  Determines physical properties
• What is a formula unit in the context of ionic compounds?

  Simplest ratio of ions
• Why do ionic solids have unique properties?

  Strong ionic bonds
• The molar ratio of ions in NaCl is 1:1.


  True
• Match the solid type with its bonding:

  Ionic ↔️ Ionic bonds

  Covalent Network ↔️ Covalent bonds

  Molecular ↔️ Intermolecular forces
• Ionic solids have high melting points due to strong ionic bonds.
• What type of bonding is present in NaCl?

  Ionic
• How are ionic solids formed?

  Electrostatic attractions
• The simple cubic lattice has 1 atom per unit cell.
• What does the coordination number in a crystal lattice describe?

  Surrounding atoms or ions
• The coordination number in an FCC lattice is 12.

  True
• A formula unit represents the simplest neutral ratio of ions in an ionic compound.

  True