2.1 Types of Chemical Bonds

• What are chemical bonds?

  Attractive forces between atoms
• Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons
• Ionic bonds are held together by strong electrostatic forces
• Ionic bonds result in compounds that are typically crystalline solids
• Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons from a metal to a nonmetal
• What type of bond involves the sharing of electrons between nonmetals?

  Covalent
• What determines the type of chemical bond formed between two atoms?

  Electronegativity difference
• What are the typical properties of covalent compounds?

  Gases, liquids, or solids
• What is the characteristic electron behavior in covalent bonds?

  Sharing
• What are the two types of ions formed in ionic bonds?

  Cations and anions
• Ionic compounds have crystalline solid structures.
• Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons.
• Metallic bonds are formed by the delocalization of valence electrons.
• Ionic bonds are formed by the sharing of electrons between nonmetals.

  False
• Covalent compounds have higher melting points than ionic compounds.

  False
• Arrange the bond types in order from strongest to weakest based on their typical melting points.

  1️⃣ Ionic

  2️⃣ Metallic

  3️⃣ Covalent
• Match the bond type with its characteristic properties.

  Ionic ↔️ High melting/boiling points

  Covalent ↔️ Poor conductors of electricity

  Metallic ↔️ Malleable and ductile
• What are chemical bonds?

  Attractive forces between atoms
• Metallic bonds are formed by the delocalization of valence electrons in a metal
• In ionic bonds, electrons are transferred from a metal to a nonmetal
• Covalent bonds are formed when nonmetal atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
• Metallic bonds are formed by the delocalization of valence electrons in a metal
• Ionic bonds involve the transfer of electrons, while covalent bonds involve the sharing of electrons
• Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points.

  True
• Covalent compounds have lower melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds.


  True
• Metallic compounds are malleable and ductile due to the delocalization of electrons.

  True
• Ionic bonds result in crystalline solids with high melting and boiling points.
• Metallic bonds result in malleable and ductile solids.
• How many main types of chemical bonds are there?

  Three
• What type of bond results in malleable and ductile solids?

  Metallic
• Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between nonmetal atoms.


  True
• What determines the type of chemical bond formed between atoms?

  Electronegativity difference
• Ionic bonds are formed by the transfer of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal
• Metallic bonds result in compounds that are ductile and malleable.

  True
• Match the bond type with its electron behavior:

  Ionic ↔️ Transfer of electrons

  Covalent ↔️ Sharing of electrons

  Metallic ↔️ Delocalization of electrons
• Covalent compounds are good conductors of electricity.

  False
• Match the bond type with its compound properties:

  Ionic ↔️ High melting/boiling points

  Covalent ↔️ Lower melting/boiling points

  Metallic ↔️ Malleable and ductile
• What type of forces hold negatively charged anions together in ionic compounds?

  Electrostatic forces
• Under what conditions do ionic compounds conduct electricity?

  Molten or in solution
• What type of elements form covalent bonds?

  Nonmetals