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Unit 3: Crime and Deviance with Theory and Methods
3.1 Crime and Deviance
3.1.1 Crime, Deviance, Social Order, and Social Control
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Deviance refers to actions that violate informal social norms and are legally enforced.
False
Legal sanctions for crime include fines and
imprisonment
The key distinction between crime and deviance is enforcement by the
state
Crime is defined as a violation of formal
laws
Functions of social order in society:
1️⃣ Provides stability
2️⃣ Ensures predictability
3️⃣ Promotes cohesion
Formal social control is enforced by institutions such as the police and courts.
True
Formal social control is enforced by the
state
What are examples of formal social control?
Police, courts, prisons
Match the concept with its purpose:
Social Order ↔️ Maintain social stability
Social Control ↔️ Prevent deviance
Social control comprises only formal mechanisms enforced by the state.
False
Crimes are violations of formal, legal
statutes
What is social order?
Structured social interactions
Formal social control is enforced by the
state
through laws and institutions.
True
Social order ensures stability and predictability within a
society
Informal social control relies on societal norms and
sanctions
How do social control and social order interact to address crime and deviance?
Enforce norms and laws
What is the most effective combination of social control methods?
Formal and informal
Crime involves actions that violate formal laws enforced by the state.
True
Crime and deviance are two concepts used to categorize actions that violate social
norms
Match the concept with its example:
Crime ↔️ Theft
Deviance ↔️ Public intoxication
Steps to differentiate between crime and deviance:
1️⃣ Define crime as violation of formal laws
2️⃣ Define deviance as violation of informal norms
3️⃣ Identify enforcement mechanisms
4️⃣ Distinguish consequences
5️⃣ Provide examples
Deviance leads to legal punishment, while crime leads to social disapproval.
False
Deviance is defined as a violation of informal social
norms
Social order reduces uncertainty and chaos in society.
True
Informal social control relies on
peer pressure
and gossip to shape behavior.
True
Match the type of social control with its enforcement mechanism:
Formal Social Control ↔️ Laws and institutions
Informal Social Control ↔️ Social norms and sanctions
Informal social control is enforced by
society
What is the key difference between crime and deviance?
Crime violates formal laws
Match the concept with its enforcement mechanism:
Crime ↔️ State legal system
Deviance ↔️ Social norms and sanctions
Deviance involves violating informal social norms.
True
What is the purpose of social control in society?
Maintain order and conformity
Match the type of social control with its enforcement mechanism:
Formal Social Control ↔️ State enforcement
Informal Social Control ↔️ Societal norms
Social order is maintained solely through formal social control.
False
Match the concept with its definition:
Crime ↔️ Violates formal laws
Deviance ↔️ Violates social norms
Formal social control is limited by the
resources
and reach of state institutions.
Cultural relativism states that what is considered criminal or deviant varies across different
cultures
Crimes are enforced by society through social sanctions.
False
Deviant acts are always illegal.
False
Social order ensures adherence to shared norms, values, and expectations.
True
Social control maintains order by encouraging conformity to social
norms
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