3.5 The Creation and Ratification of the Constitution

• The Articles of Confederation established a weak central government, while the Constitution created a stronger federal government with expanded powers
• The Constitutional Convention was convened in 1787 to address the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation.

  True
• Match the delegates with their contributions:

  George Washington ↔️ Presided over the Convention

  James Madison ↔️ Drafted the Virginia Plan

  Alexander Hamilton ↔️ Advocated for a strong central government
• What does the Constitution establish between the three branches of government?

  Separation of powers
• What powers does the federal government have under federalism?

  National defense and foreign policy
• Who were two key figures supporting the Federalists?

  Alexander Hamilton and James Madison
• What were the key weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?

  Weak central government and no enforcement of laws
• The Constitution establishes a system of separation of powers between the three branches of government.


  True
• What is the purpose of the Bill of Rights in the Constitution?

  Protect individual liberties
• Match the group with its primary stance on the Constitution:

  Federalists ↔️ Supported a strong central government

  Anti-Federalists ↔️ Opposed the concentration of power
• The Federalist Papers were written to persuade citizens to reject the Constitution.

  False
• Key steps in the ratification process of the Constitution:

  1️⃣ Constitution was drafted at the Philadelphia Convention in 1787

  2️⃣ Constitution needed ratification by at least 9 states

  3️⃣ Federalists supported ratification, Anti-Federalists opposed it

  4️⃣ Bill of Rights was added to protect individual liberties

  5️⃣ The Federalist Papers advocated for ratification

  6️⃣ By 1788, the required 9 states ratified the Constitution
• What was the first governing document of the United States?

  Articles of Confederation
• Under the Articles of Confederation, Congress could not effectively regulate commerce
• The Constitution established a stronger federal government with expanded powers
• What is the primary role of the executive branch according to the Constitution?

  Enforces the laws
• The Constitution establishes a system of federalism
• The Anti-Federalists opposed the concentration of power in the federal government
• The compromises in the Constitution helped secure its ratification.


  True
• Who were three prominent figures at the Philadelphia Convention?

  George Washington, James Madison, Alexander Hamilton
• To address Anti-Federalist concerns, the Constitution included a compromise
• The ratification of the Constitution was a unanimous decision among the states.

  False
• What was added to the Constitution to address Anti-Federalist concerns about individual liberties?

  Bill of Rights
• What concept did the Federalist Papers highlight to prevent tyranny?

  Checks and balances
• What type of government did the Articles of Confederation establish?

  Weak central government
• Sequence the events leading to the adoption of the Constitution:

  1️⃣ Articles of Confederation deemed inadequate

  2️⃣ Constitutional Convention held in 1787

  3️⃣ Constitution drafted

  4️⃣ Ratification debate begins
• The legislative branch, known as Congress, is responsible for making laws.
• Federalism divides power between the federal and state governments.

  True
• What was added to the Constitution to address Anti-Federalist concerns and protect individual liberties?

  Bill of Rights
• Who were two key figures of the Anti-Federalist movement?

  Patrick Henry and George Mason
• The Constitution officially took effect in 1789.

  True
• The Articles of Confederation included an executive branch or national judiciary.

  False
• What was the purpose of the Philadelphia Convention in 1787?

  Create a new Constitution
• Order the three branches of government according to the principle of separation of powers:

  1️⃣ Executive

  2️⃣ Legislative

  3️⃣ Judicial
• The system of checks and balances prevents any one branch from becoming too dominant.


  True
• What were the two main groups debating the merits of the Constitution during its ratification process?

  Federalists and Anti-Federalists
• Match the compromise to its description:

  Federalism ↔️ Division of power between federal and state governments

  Bill of Rights ↔️ Protection of individual liberties

  Electoral College ↔️ Compromise between popular vote and Congress choice
• The Constitutional Convention of 1787 aimed to establish a more effective and balanced federal government
• Order the three branches of government by their primary functions:

  1️⃣ Legislative (Congress) - Makes laws

  2️⃣ Executive (President) - Enforces laws

  3️⃣ Judicial (Supreme Court) - Interprets laws
• The compromises in the Constitution helped secure its ratification