1.6 Photoelectron Spectroscopy

• What is the purpose of Photoelectron Spectroscopy (PES)?

  Determine elemental composition and structure
• The binding energy of an electron is equal to the photon energy minus its kinetic energy.


  True
• Match the electron shell with its binding energy in Neon:

  1s ↔️ 37 eV

  2s ↔️ 9 eV
• A binding energy of 37 eV in PES confirms the presence of Neon.


  True
• What is the relationship between photon energy, kinetic energy, and binding energy in PES?

  $BE =$$hν - KE$
• The relationship between binding energy (BE), photon energy (hν), and kinetic energy (KE) is given by the formula: BE = hν - KE
• The photon source in a PES instrument generates high-energy photons to initiate electron ejection.


  True
• Match the PES component with its function:

  Photon Source ↔️ Generates high-energy photons

  Sample Chamber ↔️ Maintains ultra-high vacuum

  Energy Analyzer ↔️ Measures electron kinetic energies

  Detector ↔️ Counts electrons at each energy
• Binding energy (BE) is calculated using the formula: BE = hν - KE
• In environmental science, PES is used to analyze pollutants in soil, water, and air
• Steps in the process of electron ejection in PES:

  1️⃣ Sample Irradiation

  2️⃣ Electron Emission

  3️⃣ Kinetic Energy Measurement

  4️⃣ Binding Energy Calculation
• Binding energies are calculated by subtracting the kinetic energy from the photon energy.
• Electrons ejected from the 1s shell of Neon have a binding energy of 37 eV.
• What are the four essential components of a PES instrument?

  Photon source, sample chamber, energy analyzer, detector
• What binding energies would confirm the presence of CuO in a PES spectrum?

  Cu 2p3/2 (932 eV), O 1s (530 eV)
• The first step in the electron ejection process is high-energy photon irradiation
• What does KE represent in PES?

  Kinetic Energy
• The photoelectric effect is the underlying principle of PES.
• In PES, the symbol BE stands for binding energy.
• What is the photoelectric effect the principle behind in photoelectron spectroscopy (PES)?

  Emission of electrons
• What type of photons are used in photoelectron spectroscopy (PES)?

  High-energy photons
• The sample chamber in a PES instrument maintains ultra-high vacuum conditions to prevent electron scattering
• The position and intensity of peaks in a PES spectrum provide information about the binding energies and relative abundance of elements.

  True
• Match the field with a specific application of PES:

  Material Science ↔️ Characterizing surface bonds

  Environmental Science ↔️ Analyzing soil contaminants

  Chemistry ↔️ Studying reaction mechanisms

  Physics ↔️ Mapping electronic band structures
• Binding energy (BE) is calculated using the formula: BE = hν - KE
• The formula for binding energy is BE = hν - KE

  True
• Match the energy type with its symbol and relationship:

  Photon Energy ↔️ hν, Known

  Kinetic Energy ↔️ KE, Measured

  Binding Energy ↔️ BE, BE = hν - KE
• The photon source in a PES instrument generates high-energy photons to irradiate the sample.
• Match the field with a specific application of PES:

  Material Science ↔️ Characterizing thin films

  Environmental Science ↔️ Analyzing pollutants in soil

  Chemistry ↔️ Studying reaction mechanisms

  Physics ↔️ Mapping electronic band structures
• Steps in the electron ejection process in PES

  1️⃣ Sample Irradiation

  2️⃣ Electron Emission

  3️⃣ Kinetic Energy Measurement

  4️⃣ Binding Energy Calculation
• Binding energies in PES are characteristic for each element.


  True
• What is the formula to calculate binding energy in PES?

  $BE =$$hν - KE$
• The photoelectric effect explains why electrons are ejected when irradiated with photons.

  True
• Photon energy is measured in photoelectron spectroscopy (PES).


  True
• What does the energy analyzer measure in a PES instrument?

  Kinetic energies of electrons
• What does a photoelectron spectrum show in PES?

  Number of electrons at binding energies
• What is one application of PES in material science?

  Characterizing thin films
• PES involves bombarding a sample with high-energy photons to eject electrons.


  True
• What does the calculated binding energy in PES confirm about a sample?

  Presence of specific elements
• When Neon is irradiated with 200 eV photons, what is the kinetic energy of electrons ejected from the 1s shell?

  163 eV