7.1 Carbon compounds as fuels and feedstock

• Carbon compounds are fundamental to organic chemistry and form the basis of all living organisms
• Fuels are carbon compounds used to produce energy through combustion
• Steps involved in fractional distillation

  1️⃣ The mixture is heated in a distillation column

  2️⃣ Liquids vaporize at different temperatures

  3️⃣ Vapors rise up the column

  4️⃣ Vapors condense at their boiling points

  5️⃣ Separated liquids are collected as fractions
• Match the hydrocarbon fuel with its application:

  Gasoline ↔️ Powering internal combustion engines

  Diesel ↔️ Powering compression-ignition engines

  Natural Gas ↔️ Heating homes
• What chemical energy is released during the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels?

  Heat, light, and power
• Match the hydrocarbon fuel with its primary application:

  Natural Gas ↔️ Heating homes

  Diesel ↔️ Powering machinery

  Gasoline ↔️ Powering vehicles
• Propane is used as liquefied petroleum gas for heating and cooking.


  True
• Match the carbon compound category with its purpose:

  Fuels ↔️ Energy production

  Feedstock ↔️ Chemical synthesis
• Hydrocarbons are composed solely of carbon and hydrogen
• Steps in the process of fractional distillation

  1️⃣ The mixture is heated

  2️⃣ Vapors rise in the column

  3️⃣ Vapors condense at different heights

  4️⃣ Separated liquids are collected as fractions
• Hydrocarbons release energy in the form of heat and light when burned


  True
• Match the fuel with its application:

  Gasoline ↔️ Powering vehicles

  Methane ↔️ Heating homes

  Diesel ↔️ Powering trucks

  Propane ↔️ Cooking
• Unlike fuels, feedstock chemicals are transformed into new products
• Carbon compounds include fuels, feedstock, and polymers

  True
• What are examples of carbon-based fuels?

  Gasoline, diesel, natural gas
• What two elements are hydrocarbons composed of?

  Carbon and hydrogen
• What is the primary component of natural gas?

  Methane (CH4)
• Hydrocarbons are compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen
• Steps in the fractional distillation process

  1️⃣ Heating the mixture

  2️⃣ Liquids vaporize at different temperatures

  3️⃣ Vapors rise in the column

  4️⃣ Condensation at matching temperatures

  5️⃣ Collection of fractions at outlets
• What is the purpose of feedstock chemicals in the chemical industry?

  To create new products
• What is the chemical reaction that releases energy in hydrocarbons?

  Combustion
• What is the chemical process that releases energy from hydrocarbons?

  Combustion
• In fractional distillation, liquids with higher boiling points condense at the bottom of the column
• What is the simplest hydrocarbon fuel?

  Methane
• Feedstock chemicals are fully consumed in chemical reactions

  False
• Using carbon compounds as feedstock is more sustainable than using them as fuels


  True
• What are carbon compounds primarily composed of?

  Carbon atoms
• Match the category of carbon compounds with their definition:

  Fuels ↔️ Used to produce energy

  Feedstock ↔️ Used as raw materials
• Feedstock compounds are fully consumed during their transformation

  False
• Hydrocarbons release energy through the process of combustion
• Hydrocarbon fuels are essential for transportation and electricity generation


  True
• Gasoline is used to power internal combustion engines in vehicles.


  True
• What is the simplest hydrocarbon fuel?

  Methane
• Ethene is used to produce the plastic called polyethylene
• Methane can be used as a transportation fuel.


  True
• Hydrocarbon fuels are essential for transportation and electricity generation


  True
• Which feedstock chemicals are produced through complex petrochemical processes rather than distillation?

  Ethene and benzene
• Hydrocarbons are essential fuels because they release stored chemical energy
• What plastic is produced using ethene as a feedstock?

  Polyethylene
• Why does the combustion of fuels have a higher environmental impact?

  Releases greenhouse gases