2.5 Ideology, Science, and Religion

• Ideology refers to a system of beliefs, values, and ideas that shape how people understand and interpret the world
• What is the primary focus of science?

  The physical and natural world
• What is the first step in the scientific method?

  Observation
• What is the primary function of ideologies?

  To interpret social issues
• Scientific knowledge is based on objective evidence and data
• Steps of the scientific method in the correct order:

  1️⃣ Observation

  2️⃣ Hypothesis formation

  3️⃣ Experiment design

  4️⃣ Experiment execution

  5️⃣ Data analysis

  6️⃣ Conclusion

  7️⃣ Peer review
• The scientific method is based on belief-based ideologies rather than evidence.

  False
• Religion is a fundamental part of many societies, shaping how people understand the world.


  True
• Ideologies influence how people perceive and respond to the world around them.


  True
• Scientific knowledge is final and cannot be revised based on new evidence.

  False
• Religion provides moral guidance through evidence and rationality, similar to science.

  False
• What are religious organizations defined as?

  Groups sharing religious beliefs
• What does a denomination foster within a faith tradition?

  Diversity and local engagement
• Ideology is based on subjective beliefs and values
• Steps in the interplay between ideology and religion:

  1️⃣ Ideology shapes religious beliefs

  2️⃣ Religious beliefs inform ideological perspectives

  3️⃣ Belief systems reinforce each other
• Ideology is based on secular beliefs and values, while religion is based on supernatural beliefs and rituals
• Socialism advocates for collective ownership and economic planning
• Match the ideology with its key belief:

  Capitalism ↔️ Private property and free markets

  Socialism ↔️ Collective ownership and social equality
• Scientific knowledge is provisional and subject to change based on new evidence.


  True
• Science is based on the systematic study of the physical and natural world.


  True
• Religion involves belief in the supernatural or divine.


  True
• Ideologies can shape religious beliefs and practices.


  True
• Religious beliefs about social justice can inform political and economic ideologies
• Ideology can shape religious beliefs, and religious beliefs can inform ideological perspectives
• Religion aims to provide meaning, purpose, and moral guidance
• What is the ultimate relationship between science and religion characterized by?

  Potential for conflict and enrichment
• A socialist ideology may inspire institutions that prioritize public ownership
• Understanding the interplay between ideology and social institutions is crucial for examining the role of power, values, and beliefs
• Ideologies influence how people perceive and respond to the world around them.


  True
• Science aims to provide an objective and evidence-based understanding of the world.


  True
• The scientific method is iterative, meaning new evidence can lead to revised hypotheses.

  True
• Religion refers to a system of beliefs, practices, and rituals related to the sacred
• Ideology refers to a system of beliefs, values, and ideas that shape how people understand and interpret the world
• Science refers to the systematic study of the physical and natural world through observation, experimentation, and the formulation of theories and laws
• Steps in the scientific method

  1️⃣ Observation

  2️⃣ Hypothesis Formation

  3️⃣ Experiment Design

  4️⃣ Experiment Execution

  5️⃣ Data Analysis

  6️⃣ Conclusion

  7️⃣ Peer Review
• Match the type of religious organization with its key characteristic:

  Church ↔️ Formal hierarchy, standardized rituals

  Sect ↔️ Smaller, exclusive, personal experience

  Denomination ↔️ Autonomous units within a larger faith

  Cult ↔️ Charismatic leader, intense devotion
• A church has a formal hierarchy and standardized rituals
• A cult often has a charismatic leader and emphasizes intense devotion
• What type of data does science rely on?

  Objective evidence
• How might a capitalist ideology influence religious beliefs?

  Emphasis on individualism