2.4.3 Selective Breeding

• What is the process of breeding organisms with desirable traits called?

  Selective breeding
• Match the type of breeding with its key characteristic:

  Selective breeding ↔️ Controlled by humans

  Natural selection ↔️ Occurs without human control
• Selective breeding can introduce new beneficial traits into a population.


  True
• In selective breeding, offspring with the most desirable traits are selected as the next generation of parents
• Selective breeding aims to produce organisms with specific, preferred characteristics such as higher yields
• What is the second step in the process of selective breeding?

  Select parents
• What is the first step in the process of selective breeding?

  Identify desirable traits
• Steps in the process of selective breeding

  1️⃣ Identify desirable traits

  2️⃣ Select parents

  3️⃣ Evaluate offspring

  4️⃣ Repeat the process
• What does selective breeding aim to enhance in organisms?

  Desirable traits
• Match the animal with its selectively bred trait:

  Dairy Cows ↔️ High milk production

  Domestic Dogs ↔️ Behavior (e.g., hunting ability)

  Broiler Chickens ↔️ Rapid growth and large breast meat

  Racehorses ↔️ Speed and endurance
• Selective breeding contrasts with natural selection because it focuses on traits valued by humans, not survival in the wild.


  True
• Selective breeding involves breeding organisms with desirable traits.
• What are the two main goals of selective breeding?

  Enhance traits and introduce new traits
• In selective breeding, organisms with desirable traits are chosen as parents.
• What type of traits does natural selection favor in organisms?

  Traits improving fitness
• Broiler chickens are selectively bred for rapid growth and large breast meat.
• Selective breeding in plants enhances traits valued by humans, while natural selection enhances traits for survival in the wild


  True
• Compared to natural selection, selective breeding offers more control and speed but reduces genetic diversity
• Match the advantage of selective breeding with its corresponding disadvantage:

  Enhanced Yield ↔️ Reduced Genetic Diversity

  Improved Disease Resistance ↔️ Potential Health Issues

  Desirable Traits ↔️ Time-consuming Process
• Natural selection selects for traits that improve fitness and survival, while selective breeding selects for traits desired by humans


  True
• Selective breeding is the process of breeding organisms with desirable traits
• What does selective breeding allow us to intentionally introduce into organisms?

  Specific traits
• Steps in the process of selective breeding

  1️⃣ Identify desirable traits

  2️⃣ Select parents

  3️⃣ Evaluate offspring

  4️⃣ Repeat the process
• Selective breeding is controlled by humans, whereas natural selection occurs naturally.


  True
• Natural selection drives long-term adaptation, while selective breeding enhances specific traits.

  True
• Steps in the process of selective breeding

  1️⃣ Identify desirable traits

  2️⃣ Select parents

  3️⃣ Evaluate offspring

  4️⃣ Repeat the process
• After identifying desirable traits, the next step in selective breeding is to select parents
• What is the key difference between selective breeding and natural selection?

  Human control
• Natural selection drives long-term adaptation
• What is one desirable trait bred into domestic dogs through selective breeding?

  Obedience
• Match the plant with its selectively bred trait:

  Corn (Maize) ↔️ Increased kernel size

  Tomatoes ↔️ Larger fruit size

  Broccoli ↔️ Larger, more compact flower heads

  Roses ↔️ Larger flowers, diverse colors
• Selective breeding is controlled by humans, while natural selection occurs without human intervention.

  True
• Selective breeding introduces new beneficial traits into populations, while natural selection gradually adapts species to their environment.


  True
• Steps in the process of selective breeding

  1️⃣ Identify desirable traits

  2️⃣ Select parents

  3️⃣ Evaluate offspring

  4️⃣ Repeat the process
• Match the animal with its selectively bred trait:

  Dairy Cows ↔️ High milk production

  Domestic Dogs ↔️ Behavior (e.g., hunting ability)

  Broiler Chickens ↔️ Rapid growth and large breast meat

  Racehorses ↔️ Speed and endurance
• Selective breeding contrasts with natural selection, which favors traits that improve an organism's fitness
• Why is reduced genetic diversity a disadvantage of selective breeding?

  Increases vulnerability to diseases
• What is the primary difference between selective breeding and natural selection?

  Human control
• Order the key differences between selective breeding and natural selection:

  1️⃣ Controlled by humans vs. Occurs naturally

  2️⃣ Selects for specific, desirable traits vs. Selects for fitness and survival

  3️⃣ Aims to enhance specific traits vs. Drives long-term adaptation
• Selective breeding is controlled by humans, while natural selection occurs without human intervention.


  True