2.4.2 Natural Selection

• What is the process by which organisms better adapted to their environment survive and reproduce?

  Natural Selection
• What is the fundamental idea behind Darwin's Theory of Evolution?

  Natural Selection
• What are the two main sources of variation within populations?

  Genetic and Environmental
• How does natural selection drive evolution according to Darwin's Theory?

  By favoring advantageous traits
• What is the term for organisms producing more offspring than can survive?

  Overproduction of Offspring
• Resource scarcity includes limited food, water, and space.


  True
• What is interspecific competition?

  Competition between different species
• Natural selection contributes to changes in the genetic composition of a population over time.


  True
• Inheritance is a key component of Darwin's Theory, where traits are passed from parents to offspring.


  True
• Variation is crucial for natural selection, as it allows some individuals to be better adapted to their environment
• Natural selection is a fundamental process in evolution where organisms with advantageous traits have a better chance of surviving
• Darwin's Theory of Evolution states that individuals in a population have different traits
• Variation is crucial for natural selection to occur.

  True
• Variation within a population allows some individuals to be better adapted to their environment.

  True
• Competition for resources is a key driver of natural selection
• What is intraspecific competition?

  Competition within the same species
• Competition drives natural selection, as advantageous traits become more common in the population
• What is Darwin's Theory of Evolution based on?

  Natural selection
• Match the key components of Darwin's Theory with their descriptions:

  Variation ↔️ Individuals in a population have different traits

  Inheritance ↔️ Traits can be passed from parents to offspring

  Adaptation ↔️ Beneficial traits that increase survival

  Natural Selection ↔️ Organisms with advantageous traits thrive
• Overproduction of offspring leads to competition among siblings for resources.


  True
• What does overproduction of offspring lead to among siblings?

  Competition for resources
• What is competition for resources a key driver of?

  Natural selection
• Survival of the fittest is a key concept in natural selection.


  True
• Match the trait category with its advantage:

  Genetic ↔️ Enhanced survival in a specific environment

  Environmental ↔️ Increased competitive ability
• Beneficial adaptations can be passed from parents to offspring through inheritance
• Darwin's finches evolved distinct beak shapes to exploit different food sources
• Competition among siblings for resources ultimately reduces the overall survival rate of the offspring.
• Organisms produce more offspring to ensure at least some survive and pass on their genes.


  True
• Match the aspect of competition with its description:

  Resource Scarcity ↔️ Limited availability of essentials

  Intraspecific Competition ↔️ Competition within the same species

  Interspecific Competition ↔️ Competition between different species

  Adaptation and Survival ↔️ Better traits increase survival
• What does survival of the fittest describe?

  Reproduction of advantageous traits
• What are advantageous traits that help organisms survive and reproduce called?

  Adaptations
• What adaptation allowed darker-colored peppered moths to survive in industrial areas?

  Better camouflage
• Organisms with traits that provide a better fit to their environment are more likely to thrive.

  True
• Arrange the key components of Darwin's Theory in a logical order:

  1️⃣ Variation

  2️⃣ Inheritance

  3️⃣ Adaptation

  4️⃣ Natural Selection

  5️⃣ Evolution
• Natural selection contributes to changes in the genetic composition of a population over time.
• Match the cause of variation with its description:

  Genetic Factors ↔️ Differences in genetic makeup

  Environmental Factors ↔️ Differences in environmental conditions
• Competition for Resources is a key driver of natural selection
• What is natural selection?

  Process favoring advantageous traits
• Variation refers to the differences in traits among individuals within a population
• Steps in the process of evolution according to Darwin's Theory

  1️⃣ Variation within a population

  2️⃣ Inheritance of traits

  3️⃣ Adaptation to the environment

  4️⃣ Natural selection favors beneficial traits

  5️⃣ Evolution: Gradual changes over time