2.1.1 Ionic Compounds

• Ionic compounds are formed by the electrostatic attraction between metal cations and non-metal anions.
• What are two examples of ionic compounds mentioned in the study material?

  Sodium chloride and magnesium oxide
• Why do ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points?

  Strong electrostatic forces
• Match the example of an ionic compound with its formation:

  Sodium chloride (NaCl) ↔️ Transfer of one electron from Na to Cl

  Magnesium oxide (MgO) ↔️ Transfer of two electrons from Mg to O
• In the formation of magnesium oxide, two electrons are transferred from magnesium to oxygen.
• Ionic compounds conduct electricity only when molten or dissolved because the ions are then mobile.
• What two elements form sodium chloride (NaCl)?

  Sodium and chlorine
• Steps in the formation of ionic compounds

  1️⃣ Electron Transfer

  2️⃣ Ion Formation

  3️⃣ Ionic Bonding
• What is the primary force that holds ionic compounds together?

  Electrostatic attraction
• Steps in the formation of ionic compounds

  1️⃣ Electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal.

  2️⃣ The metal becomes a positively charged cation, and the non-metal becomes a negatively charged anion.

  3️⃣ The oppositely charged ions attract each other to form an ionic compound.
• Ionic compounds are brittle because applying force disrupts their orderly arrangement, causing like-charged ions to repel each other.
• What is the charge on a cation formed in an ionic compound?

  Positive
• Which property of ionic compounds is a result of their strong ionic bonds?

  High melting points
• Ionic compounds are formed by oppositely charged ions
• Ionic compounds are formed by the electrostatic attraction between positively charged metal cations and negatively charged non-metal anions.


  True
• Oppositely charged cations and anions are held together by strong electrostatic attractions in ionic compounds.


  True
• Match the property of ionic compounds with its explanation:

  High Melting and Boiling Points ↔️ Strong ionic bonds hold ions tightly together

  Brittleness ↔️ Like-charged ions repel each other when stressed

  Conductivity ↔️ Ions are mobile in liquid or aqueous states
• Sodium chloride (NaCl) is formed by the transfer of an electron from sodium to chlorine
• Ionic compounds are characterized by the strong electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged metal cations and non-metal anions.


  True
• In the formation of ionic compounds, electrons are transferred from a metal to a non-metal.


  True
• Ionic compounds are compounds formed by the electrostatic attraction between metal cations and non-metal anions.
• Ionic compounds conduct electricity when solid.

  False
• Magnesium oxide is formed by the transfer of two electrons from magnesium to oxygen.

  True
• Ionic compounds are held together by strong electrostatic attractions between oppositely charged ions.


  True
• Match the property of ionic compounds with its explanation:

  High melting and boiling points ↔️ Strong electrostatic attractions

  Brittleness ↔️ Like-charged ions repel each other

  Electrical conductivity when molten ↔️ Ions are mobile
• Magnesium oxide (MgO) is formed by the transfer of two electrons from magnesium to oxygen
• When a metal loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged cation
• Ionic compounds have high melting points because strong electrostatic attractions require a large amount of energy
• Ionic compounds conduct electricity when in a solid state.

  False
• Calcium carbonate (CaCO₃) is used in construction as a component of cement and plaster
• What are two characteristic properties of ionic compounds?

  High melting points and brittleness
• Why are ionic compounds brittle?

  Force applied disrupts orderly arrangement
• Which two ions form magnesium oxide (MgO)?

  Mg²⁺ and O²⁻
• What ionic compound is used in cooking to enhance flavor?

  Sodium chloride (NaCl)