7.1.1 Monohybrid Inheritance

• What is monohybrid inheritance controlled by?

  A single gene
• What does it mean for an allele to be dominant?

  Expressed with one copy
• Mendel's Second Law states that alleles of different genes segregate independently.

  True
• Monohybrid inheritance involves the inheritance of two alleles
• Match the law with its description:

  Law of Segregation ↔️ Alleles separate during gamete formation

  Law of Independent Assortment ↔️ Alleles of different genes segregate independently
• What does the Law of Independent Assortment describe?

  Independent sorting of alleles
• What is an example of a dominant allele?

  Brown eye color (B)
• What is the first step in constructing a Punnett square?

  Identify parental genotypes
• What is monohybrid inheritance?

  Inheritance of a single trait
• Dominant alleles are expressed even if only one copy is present.
• Dominant alleles are always expressed in the phenotype, regardless of the other allele.


  True
• In a cross between Bb and bb, the phenotype ratio is 3 brown:1 blue.


  True
• Monohybrid inheritance involves the inheritance of a single genetic trait controlled by a single gene.

  True
• The observable physical or biochemical characteristic of an organism is called its phenotype
• Monohybrid inheritance involves the inheritance of two alleles
• The phenotype of an organism is its genetic makeup.

  False
• Mendel's First Law is also known as the Law of Segregation
• Steps of Mendel's Laws during gamete formation:

  1️⃣ Alleles separate (Segregation)

  2️⃣ Alleles of different genes sort independently (Independent Assortment)
• A recessive allele is only expressed if two copies are present.

  True
• What do Mendel's laws describe?

  Inheritance patterns of alleles
• In monohybrid crosses, the Law of Segregation ensures each parent contributes one allele.


  True
• A recessive allele is only expressed if two copies are present.


  True
• A Punnett square can determine both genotype and phenotype ratios in offspring.

  True
• Mendel's First Law (Law of Segregation) states that alleles for a trait separate during gamete formation.


  True
• What are the two types of alleles?

  Dominant and recessive
• Match the allele type with its definition:

  Dominant ↔️ Expressed if one copy is present

  Recessive ↔️ Expressed if two copies are present
• Steps to construct a Punnett square:

  1️⃣ Identify the parental genotypes

  2️⃣ Create a 2x2 grid

  3️⃣ Write the possible gametes from one parent across the top

  4️⃣ Write the possible gametes from the other parent down the left side

  5️⃣ Fill in the grid by combining the gametes
• In a cross between Bb and bb, the possible genotypes are Bb and bb
• To calculate phenotype ratios, group the genotypes that express the same phenotype
• The genotype of an organism is its genetic makeup
• Alleles can only be dominant.

  False
• Match the allele type with its definition:

  Dominant ↔️ Expressed even if only one copy is present

  Recessive ↔️ Only expressed if two copies are present
• What ratios can be determined from a Punnett square?

  Genotype and phenotype
• What are the two main types of genotypes?

  Homozygous and heterozygous
• What is the phenotype of a homozygous dominant individual (BB) if B is for brown eyes?

  Brown eyes
• Steps to use a Punnett square:

  1️⃣ Identify parental genotypes

  2️⃣ Create a 2x2 grid

  3️⃣ Write possible gametes from one parent across the top

  4️⃣ Write possible gametes from the other parent down the left side

  5️⃣ Fill in the grid by combining gametes
• An organism's genotype refers to the specific alleles it possesses for a trait.


  True
• Heterozygous genotypes always express the recessive phenotype.

  False
• In monohybrid inheritance, offspring inherit one allele from each parent
• What happens to alleles during gamete formation according to Mendel's First Law?

  They separate