2.1.1 Classification Systems

• Why is classification essential for understanding biodiversity?

  Organizes knowledge ||| Facilitates communication ||| Predicts characteristics ||| Reveals evolutionary relationships
• What traits are expected in all mammals based on their classification?

  Hair and mammary glands
• The scientific name *Homo sapiens* is used worldwide to refer to modern humans.


  True
• Linnaean taxonomy uses hierarchical categories to classify organisms based on evolutionary relationships.

  False
• Phylogenetic classification is represented using branching diagrams called "tree of life."
• Which level in the Linnaean hierarchy groups closely related species together?

  Genus
• The genus is the level in the Linnaean Taxonomy that groups closely related species
• What is the most specific level in the Linnaean Taxonomy?

  Species
• Steps to identify a beetle using a dichotomous key

  1️⃣ Check if it has wings

  2️⃣ Verify if it has six legs

  3️⃣ Confirm if it has antennae
• Classification facilitates communication by enabling scientists to use common names
• The Linnaean Taxonomy uses branching diagrams to represent evolutionary relationships.

  False
• The phylum level divides kingdoms based on body plan.


  True
• What is a dichotomous key used for?

  Identifying organisms
• Steps to use a dichotomous key

  1️⃣ Compare the organism to the first set of characteristics

  2️⃣ Select either Option A or Option B based on the organism's traits

  3️⃣ Continue to the next set of characteristics

  4️⃣ Repeat the process until final identification is reached
• Phylogenetic trees visually represent evolutionary relationships between species.


  True
• Phylogenetic Classification uses cladograms to show common ancestry and divergence of species.


  True
• Classification structures information about the diversity of organisms into manageable categories
• Order the categories in the Linnaean taxonomy hierarchy from broadest to most specific.

  1️⃣ Domain

  2️⃣ Kingdom

  3️⃣ Phylum

  4️⃣ Class

  5️⃣ Order

  6️⃣ Family

  7️⃣ Genus

  8️⃣ Species
• What type of data is used in phylogenetic classification to infer evolutionary relationships?

  Molecular data (e.g., DNA)
• The highest level in the Linnaean taxonomy hierarchy is the domain
• What are examples of phyla mentioned in the Linnaean Taxonomy hierarchy?

  Chordata and Arthropoda
• Match the Linnaean Taxonomy level with its description:

  Domain ↔️ Groups organisms by fundamental cell type

  Kingdom ↔️ Groups organisms by structural and nutritional characteristics

  Phylum ↔️ Divides kingdoms based on body plan
• Dichotomous keys use paired statements to classify organisms.


  True
• Classification helps scientists predict the characteristics of organisms.


  True
• Match the classification system with its basis:

  Linnaean Taxonomy ↔️ Physical similarities

  Phylogenetic Classification ↔️ Evolutionary relationships
• The domain in the Linnaean Taxonomy groups organisms based on their fundamental cell type
• Dichotomous keys always start with paired statements about observable characteristics.


  True
• Unlike Linnaean Taxonomy, Phylogenetic Classification uses molecular data
• Linnaean Taxonomy is static, while Phylogenetic Classification is dynamic
• Phylogenetic classification groups organisms based on shared evolutionary history and common ancestry
• Linnaean taxonomy groups organisms based on observable physical similarities.


  True
• The species name for modern humans is *Homo sapiens*.

  True
• The Linnaean Taxonomy is a hierarchical system for classifying organisms.


  True
• A dichotomous key is a step-by-step tool used to identify organisms based on their observable characteristics
• Why are dichotomous keys essential for classification systems?

  Simplicity in identification
• What does classification help us better understand about life on Earth?

  Biodiversity
• What type of data does Phylogenetic Classification use to group organisms?

  Molecular data
• Order the levels of the Linnaean Taxonomy from broadest to most specific:

  1️⃣ Domain

  2️⃣ Kingdom

  3️⃣ Phylum

  4️⃣ Class

  5️⃣ Order

  6️⃣ Family

  7️⃣ Genus

  8️⃣ Species
• The structure of a dichotomous key is typically presented in a table format
• What is the primary role of dichotomous keys in biology?

  Understanding biodiversity