1.6.1 Ecosystems

• An ecosystem consists of biotic and abiotic factors.
• What is the primary source of energy in most ecosystems?

  Sunlight
• An ecosystem is a balanced and self-sustaining system.


  True
• Give an example of an abiotic factor in an ecosystem.

  Water
• What is the definition of an ecosystem?

  A balanced self-sustaining system
• Match the biotic and abiotic factors with their descriptions:

  Biotic Factors ↔️ Living organisms

  Abiotic Factors ↔️ Non-living elements
• How do consumers obtain energy in an ecosystem?

  By feeding on organisms
• What happens to energy as it moves through trophic levels?

  Some energy is lost as heat
• Positive human impacts on ecosystems include habitat restoration and sustainable resource management
• Match the ecosystem characteristic with its explanation:

  Living organisms ↔️ Plants, animals, microorganisms

  Physical environment ↔️ Soil, water, climate

  Interaction ↔️ Exchange of energy and nutrients
• Biotic factors in an ecosystem include living organisms, while abiotic factors include non-living elements
• Producers, consumers, and decomposers maintain a balanced ecosystem.


  True
• Producers, consumers, and decomposers all play essential roles in an ecosystem.


  True
• Match the nutrient with its cycle:

  Carbon ↔️ Photosynthesis

  Nitrogen ↔️ Denitrification

  Oxygen ↔️ Respiration
• What are biotic factors in an ecosystem?

  Living organisms
• Producers convert inorganic compounds into organic compounds through photosynthesis.

  True
• Living organisms in an ecosystem are referred to as biotic
• Arrange the components of an ecosystem based on their roles:

  1️⃣ Producers

  2️⃣ Consumers

  3️⃣ Decomposers
• Decomposers recycle nutrients but do not directly contribute to energy flow.


  True
• Decomposers play a role in recycling nutrients but not in direct energy flow.

  True
• The nitrogen cycle involves processes like nitrogen fixation and denitrification
• Nutrient cycles involve the exchange of nutrients between the biotic and abiotic
• Pollution is a negative human impact on ecosystems.


  True
• Match the biotic or abiotic factor with an example:

  Biotic ↔️ Plants

  Abiotic ↔️ Water
• Match the description with the term:

  Food Chain ↔️ Simple linear sequence of who eats whom

  Food Web ↔️ Complex network of interconnected food chains
• What are two ways of showing how energy and nutrients move through an ecosystem?

  Food chains and webs
• Food webs provide a more realistic view of ecosystem dynamics than food chains.


  True
• Energy flow in ecosystems is a unidirectional process.
• The one-way flow of energy is a key characteristic of ecosystem dynamics.


  True
• In the carbon cycle, carbon is essential for life and is cycled through photosynthesis, respiration, and decomposition.
• What are two examples of negative human impacts on ecosystems?

  Pollution and deforestation
• What is an ecosystem?

  Living community and environment
• Arrange the components of a food chain in the correct order.

  1️⃣ Producers

  2️⃣ Herbivores

  3️⃣ Carnivores
• Human activities can have significant impacts on ecosystems.
• Abiotic factors provide the necessary conditions for biotic life in an ecosystem.
• Decomposers return essential nutrients to the soil for use by producers.
• Non-living factors like soil and water are part of the physical environment of an ecosystem.


  True
• Producers convert sunlight into energy through the process of photosynthesis
• Energy flow in ecosystems is a unidirectional
• Which process in the carbon cycle releases carbon into the atmosphere?

  Respiration