5.3 Circuits

• What is a simple electrical circuit defined as?

  A closed loop
• Match the component with its function:

  Power Source ↔️ Supplies electrical energy

  Conductors ↔️ Allows current to flow

  Switches ↔️ Controls current flow

  Loads ↔️ Consumes electrical energy
• What is the unit of resistance?

  Ohms
• What is the formula for Ohm's Law?

  $V =$$IR$
• A simple electrical circuit must have a power source, conductors, switches, and loads.


  True
• Switches in an electrical circuit are used to control the flow of current.


  True
• Voltage in a circuit is the force that drives the current.


  True
• Match the concept with its unit:

  Voltage ↔️ Volt

  Current ↔️ Ampere

  Resistance ↔️ Ohm
• How is current divided in a parallel circuit?

  It is divided across the components
• The current in a parallel circuit is the same across all components.

  False
• What is the formula for the voltage in a parallel circuit?

  $V =$$V_{1} =$$V_{2} =$$... =$$V_{n}$
• What is the total current in a parallel circuit with a 12V battery and three 6Ω resistors?

  2A
• What is the total resistance of a series section with 2Ω and 4Ω resistors?

  6Ω
• If one component fails in a series circuit, the entire circuit fails.


  True
• What does Kirchhoff's Voltage Law state?

  Total voltage around loop is zero
• Steps to apply Kirchhoff's Current Law

  1️⃣ Identify nodes

  2️⃣ Assign currents entering and leaving

  3️⃣ Apply the law: $\Sigma I_{\in} =$$\Sigma I_{out}$
• A power source in a circuit provides electrical energy
• Current is measured in units called amperes
• Arrange the following concepts in the order they relate to each other in a circuit:

  1️⃣ Voltage drives current

  2️⃣ Current flows through conductors

  3️⃣ Resistance opposes current
• In Ohm's Law, V represents voltage in volts.

  True
• What is the primary function of a power source in an electrical circuit?

  Supplies electrical energy
• What is the role of a load in a simple electrical circuit?

  Consumes electrical energy
• What unit is used to measure resistance in an electrical circuit?

  Ohms
• What happens to the current in a series circuit?

  It is the same through all components
• In a parallel circuit, the voltage is the same across all components.
• The voltage in a parallel circuit is the same across all components
• The current through each resistor in a parallel circuit is given by the formula I_i = \frac{V}{R_i}
• What is the current through each resistor in a parallel circuit with a 12V battery and three 6Ω resistors?

  2A
• What is the total resistance of a parallel section with two 6Ω resistors?

  3Ω
• If one component fails in a parallel circuit, the entire circuit fails.

  False
• Kirchhoff's Current Law conserves electric charge
• Steps to apply Kirchhoff's Voltage Law

  1️⃣ Identify closed loops

  2️⃣ Choose a direction

  3️⃣ Sum the voltages, considering signs

  4️⃣ Apply the law: $\Sigma V =$$0$
• A battery is an example of a power source in a simple electrical circuit.


  True
• A power source in a circuit provides electrical energy.


  True
• A simple electrical circuit forms a closed loop
• Current measures the rate of flow of electric charge
• Match the concept with its symbol, unit, and definition:

  Current ↔️ I ||| Amperes (A) ||| Rate of flow of electric charge

  Voltage ↔️ V ||| Volts (V) ||| Electric potential difference

  Resistance ↔️ R ||| Ohms (Ω) ||| Opposition to current flow
• If a 12V battery is connected to a 6Ω resistor, the current is 2A.


  True
• Steps to calculate voltage drop in a series circuit:

  1️⃣ Find the total resistance

  2️⃣ Use Ohm's Law to find the current

  3️⃣ Calculate the voltage drop across each component
• What is the voltage drop across a 4Ω resistor with a current of 1A flowing through it?

  4V