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AP Calculus AB
Unit 3: Differentiation: Composite, Implicit, and Inverse Functions
3.2 Implicit Differentiation
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An implicit function is defined by an explicit formula.
False
Match the type of function with its definition:
Explicit function ↔️ Defined by formula
y
=
y =
y
=
f
(
x
)
f(x)
f
(
x
)
Implicit function ↔️ Defined by equation
F
(
x
,
y
)
=
F(x,y) =
F
(
x
,
y
)
=
0
0
0
The chain rule is applied differently in implicit and explicit differentiation.
True
Grouping terms containing
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
is necessary to isolate it.
True
Steps to isolate
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
in a differentiated equation
1️⃣ Differentiate both sides of the equation with respect to
x
x
x
.
2️⃣ Group all terms containing
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
on one side.
3️⃣ Factor out
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
.
4️⃣ Divide by the factor to solve for
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
.
Steps to isolate
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
in a differentiated equation
1️⃣ Differentiate both sides of the equation with respect to
x
x
x
.
2️⃣ Group all terms containing
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
on one side.
3️⃣ Factor out
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
.
4️⃣ Divide by the factor to solve for
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
.
In implicit application problems, x</latex> and
y
y
y
are related by an equation.
True
An explicit function can be written in the form
y
=
y =
y
=
f
(
x
)
f(x)
f
(
x
)
.
True
Grouping terms containing
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
is necessary to isolate it.
True
To solve for
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
, the final step is to divide
What algebraic manipulation is used to differentiate an implicit function?
Algebraic manipulation
The first step in solving related rates problems is to identify variables and their rates.
True
What is the rate at which the water level is rising in the conical tank when it is 5 meters deep?
1
2
π
\frac{1}{2\pi}
2
π
1
m/min
Implicit functions are differentiated using standard differentiation rules.
False
Steps to isolate
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
in a differentiated equation
1️⃣ Group terms containing
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
2️⃣ Factor out
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
3️⃣ Divide both sides to solve for
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
Give an example of an implicit function.
x
2
+
x^{2} +
x
2
+
y
2
=
y^{2} =
y
2
=
1
1
1
The chain rule is applied to the dependent variable when differentiating
implicit functions
.
True
The equation
x
2
+
x^{2} +
x
2
+
y
2
=
y^{2} =
y
2
=
1
1
1
defines an explicit function.
False
What is the result of applying the chain rule to
y
2
y^{2}
y
2
in the equation
x
2
+
x^{2} +
x
2
+
y
2
=
y^{2} =
y
2
=
1
1
1
?
2
y
d
y
d
x
2y\frac{dy}{dx}
2
y
d
x
d
y
Steps to differentiate an implicit function
1️⃣ Differentiate both sides of the equation
2️⃣ Isolate the derivative of the dependent variable
The chain rule is applied to the independent variable in implicit differentiation.
False
Match the function type with its chain rule application:
Explicit function ↔️ Chain rule applied directly to
y
=
y =
y
=
f
(
x
)
f(x)
f
(
x
)
Implicit function ↔️ Chain rule applied to terms involving
y
y
y
When applying the chain rule to terms involving
y
y
y
, it is necessary to treat
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
as a separate term
In an explicit function, isolating
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
involves direct derivation
Implicit differentiation is crucial for finding rates of change in problems where the relationship between variables is not explicitly
defined
Steps to solve related rates problems using implicit differentiation
1️⃣ Differentiate both sides with respect to time
t
t
t
.
2️⃣ Plug in known values.
3️⃣ Solve for the desired rate of change.
Steps to differentiate an implicit function
1️⃣ Differentiate both sides of the equation with respect to the independent variable.
2️⃣ Isolate the derivative of the dependent variable (
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
) on one side.
In explicit functions,
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
is found by direct derivation.
True
Steps to differentiate
x
2
+
x^{2} +
x
2
+
y
2
=
y^{2} =
y
2
=
1
1
1
using implicit differentiation
1️⃣ Differentiate:
2
x
+
2x +
2
x
+
2
y
d
y
d
x
=
2y\frac{dy}{dx} =
2
y
d
x
d
y
=
0
0
0
2️⃣ Group terms:
2
y
d
y
d
x
=
2y\frac{dy}{dx} =
2
y
d
x
d
y
=
−
2
x
- 2x
−
2
x
3️⃣ Divide to solve:
d
y
d
x
=
\frac{dy}{dx} =
d
x
d
y
=
−
x
y
- \frac{x}{y}
−
y
x
Match the equation type with its differentiation method:
Explicit Function ↔️ Direct derivation
Implicit Function ↔️ Algebraic manipulation
What is the third step in solving related rates problems?
Differentiate both sides
An implicit function is defined by an equation rather than an
explicit
formula.
True
What is the first step when differentiating an implicit function using the chain rule?
Differentiate both sides
Steps to isolate
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
in a differentiated equation
1️⃣ Differentiate both sides of the equation with respect to
x
x
x
2️⃣ Group terms containing
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
on one side
3️⃣ Factor out
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
4️⃣ Divide to solve for
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
Explicit functions express the dependent variable directly in terms of the
independent
variable.
What is the result of differentiating both sides of
x
2
+
x^{2} +
x
2
+
y
2
=
y^{2} =
y
2
=
1
1
1
?
2
x
+
2x +
2
x
+
2
y
d
y
d
x
=
2y\frac{dy}{dx} =
2
y
d
x
d
y
=
0
0
0
What is the first step in differentiating an implicit function?
Differentiate both sides
Factoring out
d
y
d
x
\frac{dy}{dx}
d
x
d
y
is a step in isolating it.
True
What is an implicit function defined by?
An equation
What is an explicit function defined by?
A formula
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