2.3.1 Structure and Function

• The peripheral nervous system (PNS) includes the somatic and autonomic systems.


  True
• Neurotransmitters are released at the synapse
• What is the nervous system composed of?

  Nerves and cells
• The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects the CNS to the rest of the body.


  True
• Match the nervous system component with its function:

  CNS brain ↔️ Higher-level functions

  CNS spinal cord ↔️ Relays signals between brain and PNS
• What are the two main subsystems of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)?

  Somatic and autonomic
• What is the basic structural and functional unit of the nervous system?

  Neuron
• Steps of impulse transmission in neurons

  1️⃣ Resting Potential

  2️⃣ Action Potential

  3️⃣ Neurotransmitter Release

  4️⃣ Synaptic Transmission
• What is the overall function of the nervous system?

  Coordinate actions and transmit signals
• Describe the process of impulse transmission in a neuron.

  1️⃣ Signal travels along the axon

  2️⃣ Signal reaches the synapse

  3️⃣ Neurotransmitters are released

  4️⃣ Signal crosses the synaptic cleft
• What are the three main components of the CNS responsible for control?

  Cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem
• The brain is responsible for higher-level functions
• The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements
• Match the PNS subsystem with its function:

  Somatic Nervous System ↔️ Controls voluntary movements

  Autonomic Nervous System ↔️ Controls involuntary functions
• Match the neuron component with its function:

  Dendrites ↔️ Receive signals

  Cell Body ↔️ Processes signals

  Axon ↔️ Transmits signals
• What is the charge of a neuron at its resting potential?

  -70mV
• Which type of neuron carries information towards the CNS?

  Sensory neuron
• Match the CNS component with its role:

  Brain ↔️ Higher-level functions

  Spinal Cord ↔️ Relays signals
• The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects the central nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body
• Match the PNS subsystems with their functions:

  Somatic Nervous System ↔️ Voluntary movements

  Autonomic Nervous System ↔️ Involuntary functions
• Dendrites receive signals from other neurons
• Steps in impulse transmission in neurons:

  1️⃣ Resting Potential

  2️⃣ Action Potential

  3️⃣ Neurotransmitter Release

  4️⃣ Synaptic Transmission
• Motor neurons transmit commands from the CNS to muscles.


  True
• The cerebrum is responsible for higher-level functions like cognition, memory, and sensory processing
• The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and transmits sensory information
• Motor neurons transmit sensory information to the CNS.

  False
• What are the two main components of the central nervous system (CNS)?

  Brain and spinal cord
• What are the two main types of events involved in impulse transmission in neurons?

  Electrical and chemical
• Sensory neurons carry information from the body to the CNS
• What are the three main components of the brain?

  Cerebrum, cerebellum, brainstem
• What basic life functions does the brainstem control?

  Breathing, heart rate, reflexes
• The central nervous system (CNS) consists of the brain and the spinal
• Match the neuron type with its function:

  Sensory neuron ↔️ Detects stimuli and sends signals to the CNS

  Motor neuron ↔️ Sends signals from the CNS to muscles
• The PNS somatic system controls voluntary movements.

  True
• What is the role of the spinal cord in the CNS?

  Relays signals between brain and PNS
• What type of functions does the autonomic nervous system control?

  Involuntary functions
• The peripheral nervous system (PNS) connects the central nervous system (CNS) to the rest of the body
• The spinal cord relays signals between the CNS and PNS.


  True
• The myelin sheath insulates the axon
• What triggers the release of neurotransmitters at the axon terminal?

  Action potential