3.2 Empires: Administration

• The period of land-based empires is generally considered to be from around 1450
• What was the dominant religion of the Mughal Empire?

  Islam
• Which land-based empire was led by the Romanov Dynasty?

  Russian Empire
• What type of civil service system did the Qing Dynasty use?

  Merit-based
• Which land-based empire had a decentralized system called the Timar System?

  Ottoman Empire
• Which two empires had centralized bureaucracies and governance during this period?

  Qing Dynasty and Russia
• What is the defining characteristic of land-based empires during the period c. 1450 to c. 1750?

  Military conquest
• Which land-based empire was predominantly Sunni Muslim and controlled southeastern Europe, North Africa, and the Middle East?

  Ottoman Empire
• Which land-based empire controlled the Indian subcontinent and was ruled by the Mughal Dynasty?

  Mughal Empire
• What were the six ministries of the Qing Dynasty's centralized bureaucracy called?

  Six Ministries
• What was the Ottoman Empire's provincial administration called?

  Pashas
• Which empire relied on merit-based civil service examinations to fill bureaucratic positions?

  Qing Dynasty
• Empires with centralized bureaucracies, like the Qing Dynasty, were generally more stable
• The Qing Empire's meritocratic civil service system reduced corruption in its bureaucracy.


  True
• What are land-based empires defined by?

  Land-based military conquest
• Which land-based empire is associated with the Ottoman Dynasty?

  Ottoman Empire
• The Qing Dynasty ruled over China and followed both Confucianism and Buddhism
• What was the role of Zamindars in the Mughal Empire?

  Revenue extraction
• Standardized legal codes helped maintain order and consistency in the Qing and Russian Empires.
• Reliance on religious law in the Safavid Empire created tensions with non-Muslim populations.


  True
• Comparing administrative methods across empires can help understand their relative stability and expansionist capabilities.


  True
• Match the empire type with its primary expansion method:

  Maritime ↔️ Naval power and overseas trade

  Commercial ↔️ Trade networks and economic dominance

  Land-based ↔️ Military conquest and land administration
• The Russian Empire was primarily Eastern Orthodox Christian and ruled over Eastern Europe and Northern Asia.


  True
• The Mughal Empire's Mansabdari system was a mixed form of centralization.


  True
• The Russian Empire's bureaucracy included the Senate and Governors, reflecting a centralized system.


  True
• What was the Mughal Empire's rank-based administrative system called?

  Mansabdari system
• What type of legal system was used in the Ottoman Empire?

  Islamic law
• Which empire's reliance on religious law created tensions with non-Muslim populations?

  Safavid Empire
• Match the empire type with its key expansion method:

  Land-based ↔️ Military conquest

  Maritime ↔️ Naval power

  Commercial ↔️ Trade networks
• The Safavid Empire was located in modern-day Iran and followed Shia Islam.


  True
• Match the administrative system with its corresponding empire:

  Timar System ↔️ Ottoman Empire

  Mansabdari System ↔️ Mughal Empire

  Six Ministries ↔️ Qing Dynasty

  Senate and Governors ↔️ Russian Empire
• Centralized empires like the Qing Dynasty faced challenges in managing distant territories.


  True
• What was the name of the inefficient tax system used in the Russian Empire that limited its resources for expansion?

  Soul tax
• The Qing Dynasty used a meritocratic civil service system called the examinations
• Land-based empires expanded through military conquest and land administration.
• The Mughal Empire ruled over a majority Hindu population in the Indian subcontinent.
• The Ottoman Empire used a decentralized taxation system called the Timar system.
• The Qing Dynasty's centralized legal system was based on its legal codes.
• The Ottoman Empire used the Timar system, which involved land grants to military officers in exchange for service
• The Qing Dynasty had a highly centralized bureaucracy overseen by Six Ministries.


  True