1.2.2 Factors Affecting Enzyme Activity

• Enzyme activity increases indefinitely as temperature rises.

  False
• Enzyme activity refers to the rate at which an enzyme catalyzes a chemical reaction.


  True
• What is the primary role of enzymes in living organisms?

  Biological catalysts
• Beyond the optimal temperature, enzyme activity decreases due to denaturation
• As temperature increases up to the optimal point, enzyme activity increases
• Enzyme activity plateaus when all substrate molecules are occupied by enzymes.


  True
• Non-competitive inhibitors bind to the allosteric site of an enzyme.


  True
• Enzymes speed up chemical reactions
• What does enzyme activity refer to?

  The rate of catalysis
• What happens to enzyme activity if pH deviates from its optimal range?

  It reduces or stops
• What causes enzyme activity to decrease beyond the optimal temperature?

  Denaturation
• Enzyme activity increases with enzyme concentration up to a saturation
• Beyond the saturation point, further increases in substrate concentration have no effect on enzyme activity
• The optimal temperature for enzyme activity is always 37-40°C in humans.

  False
• Enzymes are biological catalysts
• As substrate concentration increases, enzyme activity increases until it reaches a saturation
• Match the enzyme with its function:

  Amylase ↔️ Breaks down starch

  Protease ↔️ Breaks down proteins

  Lipase ↔️ Breaks down fats

  Catalase ↔️ Decomposes hydrogen peroxide
• Match the enzyme with its function:

  Protease ↔️ Breaks down proteins

  Lipase ↔️ Breaks down fats

  Catalase ↔️ Decomposes hydrogen peroxide
• Enzyme activity increases indefinitely with increasing substrate concentration.

  False
• Enzymes exhibit maximum activity at their optimal pH
• Competitive inhibitors compete with the substrate for the enzyme's active site.
• What are enzymes referred to as in biological terms?

  Biological catalysts
• Match the enzyme with its function and substrate:

  Amylase ↔️ Digests starch into sugars ||| Starch

  Protease ↔️ Digests proteins into amino acids ||| Proteins

  Lipase ↔️ Digests fats into fatty acids and glycerol ||| Fats

  Catalase ↔️ Decomposes hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen ||| Hydrogen peroxide
• Enzyme denaturation occurs beyond the optimal temperature.


  True
• Temperature is a key factor affecting enzyme activity.


  True
• What is the effect of optimal pH on enzyme activity?

  Maximum enzyme activity
• What happens to enzyme activity as substrate concentration increases up to the saturation point?

  Activity increases
• Which factor reduces enzyme activity by binding to the active site?

  Competitive inhibitors
• What happens to enzyme activity if the pH deviates from its optimal range?

  Reduces or stops
• What happens to enzyme activity beyond its optimal temperature?

  Decreases
• Amylase breaks down starch into sugars
• What happens to enzyme activity when pH deviates from its optimal range?

  Reduces or stops
• What is the range of the pH scale?

  0 to 14
• What happens to enzyme activity as substrate concentration increases below the saturation point?

  Increases
• What is the term for the region where an enzyme binds to its substrate?

  Active site
• Enzymes are highly specific to their substrates.


  True
• Enzyme activity increases with temperature up to an optimal
• Enzymes work best at their optimal pH
• Enzymes work best at their optimal pH.

  True
• At the saturation point, increasing enzyme concentration further enhances activity.

  False