3.3 Principle of superposition of waves and formation of stationary waves

• What type of interference results in a smaller or zero amplitude?

  Destructive interference
• The amplitude at a node in a stationary wave is always zero.


  True
• What happens to the amplitude of a wave when destructive interference occurs?

  Smaller or zero
• What is the resulting amplitude when two waves with amplitudes 2 and -2 undergo destructive interference?

  0
• In stationary waves, nodes result from destructive interference
• Constructive interference results in a larger amplitude.


  True
• Match the feature with its correct location in a stationary wave:

  Zero amplitude ↔️ Node

  Maximum amplitude ↔️ Antinode
• Destructive interference leads to a larger wave amplitude.

  False
• In constructive interference, waves are in phase and their amplitudes add together.


  True
• What is the displacement at a node in a stationary wave?

  Zero
• Stationary waves have a fixed waveform, while progressive waves have a traveling pattern.
• What is the displacement at a point when two waves meet, according to the principle of superposition?

  Vector sum
• Destructive interference occurs when waves' displacements cancel each other out, leading to a smaller or zero amplitude
• In stationary waves, nodes are points of zero displacement, while antinodes have maximum amplitude
• What type of interference creates nodes in stationary waves?

  Destructive
• In a vibrating string fixed at both ends, what properties must the incident and reflected waves have to form a stationary wave?

  Identical
• What happens to the amplitude when waves undergo constructive interference?

  Increases
• What are the two key conditions for stationary wave formation?

  Same frequency and amplitude ||| Opposite directions
• What happens to energy in a stationary wave?

  Trapped
• The principle of superposition leads to constructive and destructive interference
• How are stationary waves formed?

  Opposing waves
• Nodes are points where the wave displacement is always zero
• Stationary waves form when two waves of the same frequency and amplitude travel in opposite directions.
• Stationary waves do not transfer net energy
• Destructive interference occurs when waves cancel each other out, resulting in a smaller or zero amplitude.
• Arrange the steps in the formation of a stationary wave:

  1️⃣ Two waves of the same frequency and amplitude travel in opposite directions

  2️⃣ Waves superpose

  3️⃣ Constructive interference forms antinodes

  4️⃣ Destructive interference forms nodes
• What happens to the amplitude during constructive interference?

  Larger
• What happens to the amplitude of a wave during constructive interference?

  Increases
• Steps in the formation of stationary waves

  1️⃣ Two waves of the same frequency and amplitude travel in opposite directions

  2️⃣ Waves superpose to create interference

  3️⃣ Constructive interference at antinodes

  4️⃣ Destructive interference at nodes
• Stationary waves form when two waves of different frequencies travel in opposite directions.

  False
• Constructive interference results in a larger wave amplitude because the waves add in phase.


  True
• Antinodes in stationary waves have zero amplitude.

  False
• Antinodes are created by constructive interference.


  True
• Steps in stationary wave formation:

  1️⃣ Two waves of same frequency and amplitude

  2️⃣ Waves travel in opposite directions

  3️⃣ Superposition occurs

  4️⃣ Constructive interference at antinodes

  5️⃣ Destructive interference at nodes
• Progressive waves have nodes and antinodes.

  False
• If two waves with amplitudes of 2 units each meet in phase, what is the resulting amplitude?

  4 units
• What does the principle of superposition of waves state?

  Vector sum of displacements
• What is the phase difference between two waves undergoing constructive interference?

  In-phase
• Destructive interference occurs when the waves' displacements cancel each other out, leading to a wave with a smaller or zero amplitude
• Match the feature of a stationary wave with its property:

  Node ↔️ Zero amplitude

  Antinode ↔️ Maximum amplitude