1.3 Lipids

• Each fatty acid molecule in a triglyceride binds to glycerol through an ester bond.
• Arrange the components of a phospholipid molecule:

  1️⃣ Glycerol

  2️⃣ Two fatty acids

  3️⃣ Phosphate group
• Match the component of a phospholipid with its description:

  Glycerol ↔️ Three-carbon backbone

  Fatty acids ↔️ Nonpolar, hydrophobic tails

  Phosphate group ↔️ Negatively charged, hydrophilic head
• What are the two types of molecules that form triglycerides?

  Glycerol and fatty acids
• What are fatty acids composed of?

  Long-chain carboxylic acids
• Why are the fatty acid tails of a phospholipid hydrophobic?

  They are nonpolar
• Water molecules are released during the formation of ester bonds in triglycerides.


  True
• Match the component of a phospholipid with its characteristic:

  Glycerol ↔️ Three-carbon backbone

  Two fatty acids ↔️ Hydrophobic tails

  Phosphate group ↔️ Hydrophilic head
• Lipids are insoluble in water because they primarily consist of long hydrocarbon chains.
• Glycerol in a triglyceride is a three-carbon alcohol molecule.
• Why are lipids insoluble in water?

  They are hydrophobic
• Lipids contribute to the structure of cell membranes.


  True
• Glycerol is a three-carbon alcohol.


  True
• The phosphate group in a phospholipid creates the hydrophilic head of the molecule.
• What is the charge of the phosphate group in a phospholipid molecule?

  Negative
• What type of bond links glycerol and fatty acids in triglycerides?

  Ester bond