1.4 Spatial Concepts

• What are spatial concepts used for in geography?

  Understanding arrangements across Earth
• What are the two types of location in spatial concepts?

  Absolute and relative
• Match the location type with its description:

  Absolute Location ↔️ Precise position using coordinates

  Relative Location ↔️ Description in relation to others

  Example of Absolute Location ↔️ 34°03'N, 118°15'W

  Example of Relative Location ↔️ "Downtown is near the river"
• The frequency of interactions decreases with increasing distance
• Geographic scale examines processes at different spatial levels
• Absolute location specifies a precise position using coordinates
• What principle states that interactions decrease as distance increases?

  Distance decay
• What are the three factors influencing spatial interaction?

  Complementarity, transferability, intervening opportunities
• Match the type of spatial distribution with its description:

  Clustered ↔️ Features are grouped together

  Dispersed ↔️ Features are spread out evenly

  Linear ↔️ Features are arranged along a line
• What is the key characteristic of diffusion as a spatial process?

  Expansion from a source
• What does proximity measure in spatial concepts?

  Nearness or distance
• How does relative location describe a place?

  In relation to others
• The example of absolute location is 34°03'N, 118°15'W, which specifies the location of Los Angeles
• What does distance decay emphasize about spatial relationships?

  The role of proximity
• Proximity measures the nearness or distance between locations.

  True
• Relative location describes a place in relation to other places.


  True
• Relationships become stronger as distance increases in distance decay.

  False
• Cartographic scale refers to the relationship between map size and ground size.


  True
• What are the two ways location can be described?

  Absolute and relative
• Absolute location uses latitude and longitude to specify a precise position.
• Match the type of scale with its description:

  Cartographic Scale ↔️ Relationship between map size and ground size

  Geographic Scale ↔️ Spatial level of analysis
• How does improved accessibility affect interactions between places?

  Increases connections
• Order the key spatial processes from simplest to most complex:

  1️⃣ Diffusion

  2️⃣ Migration

  3️⃣ Urbanization

  4️⃣ Globalization
• Distribution can only be clustered or dispersed.

  False
• Linear distribution is one type of spatial distribution.


  True
• What type of measurement is used in absolute location?

  Latitude and longitude
• Distance decay states that interactions increase with distance.

  False
• A cartographic scale of 1:100,000 means 1 cm on the map represents 100 km in reality.

  False
• What are intervening opportunities in spatial interaction?

  Closer alternatives
• The availability and quality of transportation options such as roads, public transit, and airports influence transportation
• Match the type of spatial distribution with its description:

  Clustered ↔️ Features grouped in specific areas

  Dispersed ↔️ Features spread evenly

  Linear ↔️ Features arranged along a line
• Distribution refers to the arrangement of phenomena across space
• Absolute location uses coordinates like latitude and longitude
• What is the principle of distance decay?

  Interactions decrease with distance
• Why is scale an important spatial concept?

  Determines perspective of the world
• Distribution refers to the arrangement of phenomena across space
• What does relative location describe?

  Relation to other places
• Scale refers to the level of detail at which geographic phenomena are observed and analyzed
• Accessibility refers to the ease of reaching or accessing a location
• Spatial processes are the mechanisms that distribute and arrange phenomena across space