ATP

• What does ATP stand for?

  Adenosine triphosphate
• Label this ATP molecule

  A) Adenine base

  B) Ribose sugar

  C) Phosphate groups

  
• ATP is made by adding a phosphate and energy to ADP (a condensation reaction)
• ADP is made by adding water to ATP (a hydrolysis reaction)
• How is ATP formed?

  -in respiration

  -it is a condensation reaction

  -a phosphate and energy is added to ADP
• How much energy is stored and released in ATP?

  30.6kJ of energy is stored in the high energy bond

  • this is released when ATP is hydrolysed into ADP and a phosphate
• Why is ATP known as the universal energy currency?

  -it is used to provide energy for all biochemical reactions in all living organisms
• What are the functions/characteristics of ATP?

  -releases energy in one hydrolysis reaction controlled by one enzyme

  -releases energy in small, usable amounts

  -travels easily to where it may be used

  -used for secretion, muscle contraction, nerve transmission and active transport