HIS003

• The Mindanao State University System was created to provide higher education opportunities to the indigenous peoples of Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan.
• History 3, "A History of the Filipino Muslims and Lumads of Mindanao, Sulu, and Palawan", became a mandated course in the MSU System due to its relevance to the study of the history of the indigenous peoples of Mindanao.
• Hadji Kamlon was a Moro and former WW2 guerilla hero from the town of Luuk, Sulu Province.
• From 1948 to 1955, Hadji Kamlon led a rebellion against the national government.
• Despite the Philippine Military concentrating its forces on Jolo to capture him, Hadji Kamlon successfully evaded arrest for eight years.
• Students must remember that while they are only students, they are not alone! One can just imagine how significant they could become if all students at the Mindanao State University System were imbued with the same attitude; aspiring for the same dream of peace and initiating positive actions, no matter how small or simple they may be in their daily lives.
• Students should not listen to pessimists who discourage them, saying “You cannot change the ugly situation of Mindanao, for you are just students!”
• Individually, one may not feel his own impact, but collectively, they could prove to be an important key to open more widely the door to the triumph of the culture of peace in this part of the world.
• After their study of History 3, students should be among the solution-providers and trouble-shooters of Mindanao.
• Students should be ready to translate their cognitive learning into affective maturity that would push them to initiate actions for positive change.
• Hadji Kamlon was considered by the Philippine military as the biggest threat to national security and a bandit to be feared, but to the Tausugs, he was a legendary folk hero and a local Robin Hood, who stole from the rich to give to the poor.
• Hadji Kamlon’s uprising reached its zenith in 1951 when he and about 100 of his followers inflicted “heavy casualties” on patrolling government soldiers.
• Clashes started to rage over wide areas of Sulu during Hadji Kamlon’s rebellion.
• The most bloody clash of Hadji Kamlon’s rebellion was the one launched by him and 100 followers.
• Despite their inferior strength and crude weapons, Hadji Kamlon and his band inflicted severe losses on lives, equipment, and funds.
• For almost four years, the government engaged Hadji Kamlon, utilizing 5,000 ground troops, naval, air, and mortar supports.
• Logistical expenditures after the final inventory amounted to P 185 million.
• Despite all this cost, Hadji Kamlon could not be routed or captured.
• The problem was created by the general feeling of the Moros that they were not Filipinos; that the military was not their military and that the Philippine government was a foreign government.
• The Commission on National Integration (CNI) was unable to carry out its mandate fully due to limited funding and poor administration.
• The problem of Kamlon’s uprising was not due to an inept military nor the talisman of Kamlon.
• The 1954 Congressional Committee conceptualized MSU as a social laboratory for national integration.
• The government created several programs and agencies that were supposed to effect the economic, social, political, moral and educational integration of non-Christian Filipinos into the main body politic of the Philippines.
• The original mission of the university was anchored on instruction, research, and extension.
• Mindanao State University (MSU) is the only university in the country directly charged by the government to advance the cause of national unity and actively pursue integration through education.
• Kamlon’s rebellion made the government wonder why he could not be captured despite the inferior number and crude weapons of his followers.
• The responsibility of educational integration and advancement for the Moros and other IP’s in MinSuPala was passed on to Mindanao State University (MSU) September 1, 1961 through RA 1387, as amended.
• More than 10 years later, the CNI would be abolished.
• The first agency charged with the integration of the non-integration Filipinos was the Commission on Integration (CNI).
• The government's superior military force and its bountiful reward system for the capture of Kamlon were not effective.
• Mindanao State University (MSU) was created as one of the government’s responses to the so-called “Mindanao Problem”.
• According to one account, the only answers the trooper could get in their query for Kamlon was "dih" which means "no" or "bukon" that means "not him" or not the one in the picture.
• The Special House Committee recommended that if the government wanted to genuinely address the problem, it should adopt measures to make the Moros feel that they were an integral part of the Philippine nation.
• Hadji Kamlon finally surrendered conditionally due to advancing age.
• In another account, Hadji Kamlon and 40 of his followers routed an entire platoon of government troops in Sulu, killing 18 and wounding 19 others.
• The cause of Hadji Kamlon’s rebellion had not been clearly established.
• To the Military, who tried to capture him, Hadji Kamlon was simply a Moro who wanted to return to the life of freebooter.
• Some attributed Hadji Kamlon’s rebellion to conflict among local leaders in Sulu, others say that Kamlon was irked by the land registration law, which required him to register his land to make it his.
• The study would help understanding of the present dynamics of Muslim-Cristian-Lumad relationships: what had caused their divisions, their biases, their claims (ancestral and proprietary), their marginalization, their predicaments and their protests (both peaceful and violent).
• The study may create a better picture of possibilities when the parties involved express willingness and collective efforts to dialogue; to find common grounds; to solve problems; to get back on their feet; and to correct their own mistakes.