Endocrine System

• Endocrine system- regulated by feedback (negative feedback loop), glands secrete hormones into the bloodstream
• Hormones- chemicals which regulate activity of cells or organs, travel in the bloodstream, targets specific cells, too much/ too little of a hormone causes dysfunctional body systems
• Pituitary gland- connected to the hypothalamus, which is responsible for controlling the release of hormones from glands around the body
• Pineal gland- releases melatonin, responsible for the sleep-wake cycle
• Thyroid gland- releases thyroxine which regulates metabolism and growth
• Adrenal medulla- releases adrenaline and noradrenaline, which play a role in fight or flight
• Adrenal cortex- releases cortisol, which helps to provide energy while suppressing the immune system
• Testes- release testosterone, which is responsible for the development of male sex characteristics and muscle growth
• Ovaries- releases oestrogen, which regulates the female reproductive system