Science 7 2nd Quarter

• Competition - Relation where two organisms fight for their benefits.
• A microscope is an instrument of science used to magnify smaller species or specimens.
• The body tube of a microscope holds the objective lenses and the ocular lens at the proper distance.
• The nose piece of a microscope holds the objective lenses and can be turned to increase the magnification.
• Objective lenses in a microscope increase magnification, usually from 10x to 40x.
• Stage clips in a microscope hold the slide/specimen in place on the stage.
• The diaphragm in a microscope controls the amount of light on the slide/specimen.
• The light source in a microscope projects light upwards through the diaphragm, the specimen and the lenses.
• The ocular lenses in a microscope magnifies the specimen image.
• The arm of a microscope is used to support the microscope when carried and holds the body tube, nose piece and objective lenses.
• The stage in a microscope supports the slide/specimen.
• The course adjustment knob in a microscope moves the stage up and down (quickly) for focusing your image.
• The fine adjustment knob in a microscope moves the stage slightly to sharpen the image.
• The base of a microscope supports the microscope.
• The scanner in a microscope, usually marked 4x, combined with the eyepiece lens, provides the lowest magnification power.
• Tissue is a group of associated, similarly organized/merged cells that perform specialized functions in order for the organism to survive.
• The low power objective (LPO) in a microscope, usually marked 10x, is most helpful in analyzing glass slide samples.
• The human body is made up of eleven organ systems; Integumentary System, Muscular System, Skeletal System, Circulatory System, Nervous System, and more.
• Types of Organelles include Cell Membrane, Nucleus, Ribosomes, Lysosomes, Vesicles, Vacuoles, Mitochondria, Cell Wall, Nuclear Membrane, Nucleolus, Cytoplasm, Smooth ER, Rough ER, Mitochondrion, Golgi Apparatus.
• There are four basic types of tissues; Epithelial Tissues, Connective Tissues, Nervous Tissues, and Muscle Tissues.
• Organelles are organs of a cell that keep it alive.
• Robert Brown was a Scottish botanist and paleo botanist who made important contributions to botany largely through his pioneering use of the microscope.
• An organ is a group of different tissues working together.
• Johannes Purkinje coined the term "protoplasma" for the fluid substance of a cell.
• Felix Dujardin proposed that a new group of one-celled organisms be called Rhizopoda in 1834.
• There are two types of cell; Prokaryotes/Prokaryotic Cell and Eukaryotes/Eukaryotic Cell.
• An organ system is a group of organs cooperating to perform specialized functions.
• A cell is the smallest unit of life.
• The high power objective (HPO) in a microscope, usually marked 40x or 60x, is used to focus on a specific part of the specimen.
• Oil magnification is the largest magnification ever.
• A compound/light microscope uses compound lenses to magnify objects.
• A dissection or stereoscope is used to get a better look at larger specimens, but individual cells cannot be seen because it has low magnification.
• Buds form if the food is abundant in the area where the organism lives.
• Robert Hooke was the first to describe cells and use the term cell to identify microscopic structures when he was describing a cork.
• Biotic factors refer to all living things in an ecosystem such as plants and animals.
• Parasitism is a relationship where the parasitic organism feeds off the other, while the host is harmed on interaction.
• The cell is the basic structure and function of all organisms.
• All organisms are composed of one or more cells.
• Abiotic factors are non-living components of the environment that can have a significant impact on living organisms.
• Symbiosis is a type of ecological relationship characterized by close interaction between organisms of different species for an extended time.