2.1.3 Momentum

• What is momentum a measure of?

  Amount of motion
• What is the unit of velocity?

  m/s
• In the equation p = mv, the letter m represents the mass of the object.
• The SI unit of momentum is kilogram meter per second.
• What are the two primary factors that affect momentum?

  Mass and velocity
• What is the mathematical expression for the Law of Conservation of Momentum?

  $\sum p_\text{before} =$$\sum p_\text{after}$
• What does $p$ represent in the Law of Conservation of Momentum equation?


  Momentum of each object
• What is the equation to calculate momentum?

  $\text{Momentum} =$$\text{mass} \times \text{velocity}$
• A 1 kg ball moving at 5 m/s has a momentum of 5 kg m/s.
• The Law of Conservation of Momentum states that in a closed system, the total momentum remains constant.
• What is the equation for momentum?

  $p =$$mv$
• After a collision, the total momentum of a closed system may change.

  False
• What is the unit of mass?

  kg
• What is the unit of momentum in the equation p = mv?

  kg m/s
• What is the momentum of a 0.5 kg ball moving at 4 m/s?

  2 kg m/s
• The unit kg m/s is derived from the units of mass and velocity.
• The Law of Conservation of Momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system remains constant.
• The mathematical expression for the Law of Conservation of Momentum is $\sum p_\text{before} =$$\sum p_\text{after}$
• Match the concept with its description:

  Momentum ↔️ Amount of motion an object has

  Velocity ↔️ Rate of change of position

  Mass ↔️ Measure of inertia
• A car with a mass of 1500 kg traveling at 20 m/s has a momentum of 30,000 kg m/s
• Momentum increases if mass increases and velocity remains constant.
• Match the factor with its effect on momentum:

  Mass ↔️ Increases momentum if velocity remains constant

  Velocity ↔️ Increases momentum if mass remains constant
• Two carts, A and B, with masses 2 kg and 3 kg, respectively, move together at 1.6 m/s after colliding.
• What is the total momentum of two objects with masses 2 kg and 3 kg and velocities 5 m/s and -3 m/s, respectively?

  1 kg m/s
• The Law of Conservation of Momentum applies only in elastic collisions.

  False
• The unit of momentum is kg m/s.
• A car with a mass of 1500 kg traveling at a velocity of 20 m/s has a momentum of 30,000 kg m/s.
• What does the letter v represent in the equation p = mv?

  Velocity
• What is the momentum of a 2 kg object moving at 5 m/s?

  10 kg m/s
• Increasing the mass of an object increases its momentum if velocity remains constant.
• The Law of Conservation of Momentum states that the total momentum of a closed system is conserved
• According to the Law of Conservation of Momentum, the total momentum before a collision is equal to the total momentum after
• The SI unit of momentum is kg m/s.
• A ball with a mass of 0.5 kg moves at 4 m/s. What is its momentum?

  2 kg m/s
• The momentum of an object is directly affected by its mass and velocity.
• Stages and their corresponding momentum in a collision

  1️⃣ Before Collision: Sum of momentums of individual objects

  2️⃣ After Collision: Sum of momentums of individual objects after they interact
• In the momentum equation $p =$$mv$, the variable $p$ represents momentum.
• By applying the Law of Conservation of Momentum, we can determine the final velocities of objects after a collision.