Leadership in sport

Cards (24)

  • Characteristics of effective leaders
    • Good motivation skills
    • Enthusiasm
    • Empathy
    • Charisma
    • Clear goal or vision of what needs to be achieved
    • Being good at the sport
  • Emergent leader
    • Becomes a leader through their hard work and determination.
    • People who look up to and respect them help them to become a leader.
    • They may be skillful in their sport and become a leader to show others how well they can do and inspire teamates.
  • Prescribed leader
    • Someone appointed by people of a higher authority.
    Eg - England manager was appointed by the football association.
  • Leadership styles
    • Autocratic
    • Democratic
    • Laissez faire
  • Autocratic leadership
    Task orientated, makes all the decisions and is very direct in their approach.
    • Used when discipline or control are needed
    • Used with hostile groups or if there is a lack of time
    • Used if the situation is dangerous.
    • Preferred by novices and males
  • Democratic Leadership
    Person orientated, considers team members ideas and feelings shows interest in others.
    • Used with small teams or individuals
    • Used if the situation is not dangerous
    • Used when a group members want to be involved in decision making
    • Preferred by advanced performers and females
  • Laissez faire Leadership
    Provides little support or input and lets team members do as they wish
    • Used with high level performers or elite athletes
    • Used to develop creativity in members
    • Used when leader has full trust in members capabilities
    • Used if the leader is incompetent.
    • Used when group is being assessed
  • Theories of leadership
    • Trait theory
    • Social learning theory
    • Interactionist theory
  • Trait theory of leadership
    Leaders are born with their leadership qualities. These traits are stable, and enduring and can be generalised across different situations.
  • Social learning theory of leadership
    • Leadership characteristics can be learned from others.
    • Behaviour of others is watched and copied - vicarious learning
  • Interactionist theory of leadership
    • An individual may have certain in born traits, such as assertiveness but they are not evident unless a situation (state) demands the leadership behaviour.
  • Trait theory of leadership evaluation
    • Popular belief that "great leaders are born not made" leaders have characteristics that make them effective
    • People in sports tend to be specific in their leadership skills, which works against the generalised trait approach.
  • Social Learning theory of leadership evaluation
    • High status models are more likely to be copied .
    • This theory shows the importance of the social environments for adopting leadership qualities unlike the trait approach which does not take the environment into account
  • Interactionist theory of leadership evaluation
    • This theory accounts for the fact that people may not be leaders in everyday life but show leadership qualities in sporting situations
  • Vicarious reinforcement
    This happens when one person observes that a reward is given to another person for certain behaviours and learns to imitate the same behaviour
  • Chelladurai 's multi-dimensional model of sports leadership
    multi-dimensional
    A) Situational Characteristics
    B) Leader characteristics
    C) Member characteristics
    D) Required behaviour
    E) Actual behaviour
    F) Preferred behaviour
    G) Performance and Satisfaction
    H) Antecedents
    I) Leader behaviour
    J) Consequences
  • Chelladurai's multi-dimensional model of leadership
    • The more the elements of this model match each other, the more effective the leadership is likely to be
    • If the leadership qualities are what the group want and expect, then they are more likely to follow the leader
    • If the leadership style matches the situation, leadership is likely to be more effective
  • Situational characteristics
    Environmental conditions eg activity (football , rock climbing ), number of people in the group, time constraints, strength of opposition.
  • Leader characteristics
    The personality/skill/experience of the leader. The leader may have a preferred style of leadership.
  • Member Characteristics
    What is the group like? Skill level /attitudes/ experience/ age/ personalities.
  • Required behaviour
    What style of leadership is needed for this task? The situation and member characteristics dictates the appropriate style of leadership
  • Actual behaviour
    What does the leader actually choose to do? The behaviour the leader displays as a result of the situation and the characteristics of members and leader.
  • Preferred behaviour
    What leadership style does the group prefer? Member characteristics (and the situation) dictate the appropriate style of leadership.
  • Performance and satisfaction
    The overall performance of the members and leader and the level of satisfaction.