interference

• What is the theory that explains forgetting due to interference?

  Interference theory
• What are the two types of interference in memory?

  • Proactive interference
  • Retroactive interference
• What was the aim of Jenkins and Dallenbach's study?

  • Investigate the influence of interference on recall
• What was the method used in Jenkins and Dallenbach's study?

  • Participants learned ten nonsense syllables
  • Recall tested after varying hours
  • Participants were either awake or asleep
• What were the results of Jenkins and Dallenbach's study?

  Higher recall in the asleep condition
• What conclusion was drawn from Jenkins and Dallenbach's study?

  Daily activities interfere with recall
• What is the significance of the findings from Schmidt et al (2000)?

  • Positive correlation between moving and forgetting street names
  • Retroactive interference affects real-life memory
• What was the procedure in Schmidt et al (2000)?

  Participants recalled street names from a map
• What does retroactive interference measure in Schmidt et al's study?

  Number of times individuals moved
• What are the strengths of interference theory?

  • Supported by Jenkins and Dallenbach
  • Practical applications in education
• What are the limitations of interference theory?

  • Laboratory-based studies may lack realism
  • Does not explain all cases of forgetting
  • Lacks detail on cognitive processes involved
• How does interference theory relate to educational practices?

  Encourages learning different materials together
• What is the difference between proactive and retroactive interference?

  Proactive: old info disrupts new; retroactive: new disrupts old
• What is meant by 'response competition' in interference theory?

  • Confusion/disruption of memory by similar memories
• What is a key finding regarding the forgetting rate in long-term memory (LTM)?

  Forgetting rate decreases over time
• What is a practical application of interference theory?

  • Suggests varied material for effective revision
• What is the independent variable in Jenkins and Dallenbach's study?

  Whether participants were awake or asleep
• What is the dependent variable in Jenkins and Dallenbach's study?

  Number of syllables recalled
• What would decay theory predict about Jenkins and Dallenbach's results?

  Time alone would cause forgetting
• What is a limitation of Jenkins and Dallenbach's study regarding time of learning?

  • Learning times were not controlled
• Why is Jenkins and Dallenbach's study considered artificial?

  • Use of nonsense syllables is unrealistic
• What is the relationship between interference and memory confusion?

  • Interference causes confusion between similar memories
• What is a potential issue with the generalizability of interference studies?

  • Findings may not apply to real-life situations
• What is the role of retrieval failure in forgetting?

  • It may contribute alongside interference
• What is a key criticism of interference theory?

  • It oversimplifies the complexity of forgetting
• What is the expected outcome if decay theory were correct in Jenkins and Dallenbach's study?

  • Forgetting would occur solely due to time
• What is the impact of daily activities on memory recall according to Jenkins and Dallenbach?

  • They can interfere with memory recall
• What is the relationship between the number of moves and forgetting street names in Schmidt et al's study?

  • More moves correlate with more forgetting
• How does proactive interference manifest in everyday situations?

  • Old memories disrupt the recall of new ones
• How does retroactive interference manifest in everyday situations?

  • New memories disrupt the recall of old ones
• What is the importance of distinguishing between proactive and retroactive interference?

  • It helps understand different forgetting mechanisms
• What is the role of interference in the forgetting process?

  • It disrupts memory retrieval due to similar memories
• What is the expected outcome of learning similar information together?

  • Increased likelihood of forgetting due to interference
• What is the significance of the term 'response competition' in interference theory?

  • It refers to confusion between similar memories
• What is the expected outcome of Jenkins and Dallenbach's study if decay theory were true?

  • Forgetting would occur regardless of activity
• What is the relationship between interference theory and memory tasks in education?

  • It suggests varied material for effective learning
• What is the significance of the findings from Baddeley and Hitch's study?

  • Supports the idea of interference in memory tasks
• What is the expected outcome of studying similar subjects together?

  • Increased likelihood of interference and forgetting
• What is the role of cognitive processes in interference theory?

  • They are not well explained by the theory
• What is the significance of the forgetting rate in long-term memory?

  • It decreases over time, unlike interference predictions