3.11

• What is Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM)?

  ICZM is a strategy that involves managing whole sections of coast, considering human actions and sediment movement, with the goal of sustainable economic and social activity, resolving conflicts, and protecting the coastal environment.
• Why is ICZM necessary?

  ICZM is necessary because human actions in one place can affect other places along the coast, and sediment moves across coastal areas in sediment cells.
• What are the key goals of ICZM?

  Establish sustainable levels of economic and social activity. Resolve conflicts among stakeholders. Protect and conserve the coastal environment.
• What is the significance of the Odisha case study in ICZM?

  Odisha highlights the challenges of managing a coastal zone with rich biodiversity, mining activities, overfishing, unsustainable tourism, and increased vulnerability to coastal erosion and climate change.
• What are the main challenges faced by Odisha's coast?

  Environmental degradation from increased factories, ports, and infrastructure. Overfishing and unsustainable aquaculture practices. Strain from coastal tourism. Extraction of minerals and fossil fuels. Coastal erosion and flooding risks. Increased cyclones due to climate change.
• What measures are being implemented in Odisha as part of ICZM?

  Protecting the coastline from erosion (e.g., barriers, planting vegetation). Promoting sustainable tourism. Replanting mangroves to protect habitats, improve biodiversity, and reduce storm impacts.
• Who are the key stakeholders involved in Odisha's ICZM project?

  Central and State Government. Local Government. Local economy stakeholders (fishermen, tourism operators, mining industries).Public consultations.
• What is the Holderness case study in ICZM?

  Holderness focuses on the development of a Shoreline Management Plan (SMP) for the east coast of England to manage coastal erosion and flood risks over the next 100 years.
• What is the purpose of the Shoreline Management Plan (SMP) in Holderness?

  The SMP aims to set policies for managing the coastline, focusing on erosion and flood risks, and deciding where to protect and where to allow natural change.
• What are the key components of the Shoreline Management Plan (SMP)?

  Cost-benefit analysis (CBA) to assess the viability of protection measures. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) to evaluate environmental consequences. Policies for managing erosion risks.
• What was the decision made for Dimlington and Easington gas terminals under the SMP?

  The decision was to "hold the line" by maintaining current defenses at Dimlington and Easington gas terminals.
• What protection scheme was recommended for the Holderness coast?

  A rock revetment made up of granite boulders was recommended as a protection scheme for the Holderness coast.
• What are "winners and losers" in coastal zone management?

  Different stakeholders in coastal zones may benefit or lose depending on the decisions made in managing coastal issues. Some people or groups may gain from protection efforts, while others may lose out on economic activities or land use.
• What is a sediment cell in coastal management?

  A sediment cell is a stretch of coast where sediment is transported in a particular pattern, affecting the coastal processes and management decisions across a wide area.
• What is the role of public consultations in ICZM?

  Public consultations are important to understand and address local concerns, ensuring that management strategies are inclusive and considerate of the needs of affected communities.