D2.1.3

• Cytoplasm is usually shared equally between daughter cells.
• When cytoplasm is shared unequally, one larger and one smaller cell is produced.
• It is important that smaller cells receive organelles (such as mitochondria and chloroplasts) because they can‘t be assembled by components in the cell. Thus, for a smaller cell to survive it must gain them from a parent cell.
• Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud of the parent organism, eventually detaching to live independently.
• Budding is a form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud of the parent organism, eventually detaching to live independently.

  
• Gametogenesis is the process by which diploid precursor cells undergo meiotic division to become haploid gametes.
• Spermatogenesis produces 4 sperm cells.
• Oogenesis produces 1 ovum (egg cell).
• Oogenesis produces a much smaller polar body that sits at the side of the ovum.
• Polar bodies need to be created to eliminate one half of the diploid chromosome set.