Self-Report Techniques

• What are self-report techniques in psychology?

  Research techniques where participants reveal personal information
• What is the difference between an interview and a questionnaire?

  An interview involves real-time conversation; a questionnaire does not
• What type of data do open questions provide?

  Qualitative data in the form of words
• What type of data do closed questions yield?

  Quantitative data in the form of numbers
• How do closed questions facilitate data analysis?

  They allow easy comparison of responses
• What is a potential drawback of open questions?

  They may lead to less easily comparable data
• What should researchers avoid when designing questions?

  Complex scientific terminology and biased questions
• What is the purpose of piloting a questionnaire or interview?

  To check for problems before wider distribution
• What are filler questions used for in interviews?

  To put participants at ease before difficult questions
• How can filler questions be used in questionnaires?

  To hide the true aims of the study
• What are the three types of interviews mentioned?

  Structured, unstructured, and semi-structured interviews
• What is a structured interview?

  Interviews with a fixed list of questions asked in order
• What is a disadvantage of structured interviews?

  They limit the ability to ask follow-up questions
• What characterizes an unstructured interview?

  It is a free-flowing conversation without prepared questions
• What is a key advantage of unstructured interviews?

  They allow for the development of rapport with participants
• What is a semi-structured interview?

  An interview with both prepared and flexible questions
• What is a strength of semi-structured interviews?

  They combine fixed questions with the ability to explore topics
• What is social desirability bias?

  When participants respond to appear favorable to researchers
• How do questionnaires compare to interviews in terms of cost?

  Questionnaires are cheaper and easier to distribute
• What is acquiescence bias?

  When participants agree with all statements regardless of content
• How can researchers check for acquiescence bias?

  By asking similar questions with opposite phrasing
• What is a disadvantage of interviews compared to questionnaires?

  Interviews require a highly trained interviewer
• What is an interviewer effect?

  When interview characteristics influence participant responses
• How can the interviewer's characteristics affect responses?

  They can lead to different responses based on demographics
• What are the strengths and weaknesses of self-report techniques?

  Strengths:

  • Easy to replicate with the same questions
  • Provides detailed personal information
  • Combines open and closed questions for analysis

  
  

  Weaknesses:

  • Susceptible to social desirability bias
  • Problematic questions can't be addressed immediately
  • Acquiescence bias may occur