Chapter 2

• the most significant factor in determining the health of a community is its what?

  economic status
• market justice emphasizes individual responsibility, minimal obligation to the common good, and the "fundamental freedom to all individuals to be left alone"
• social justice suggests that minimal levels of income, basic housing, employment, education, and healthcare should be seen as fundamental rights
• economic impact is the total costs and benefits that a particular event or situation can have on the overall
• controversy often arises because those who pay for a public health measure are not the ones who benefit from it
• which is easier to calculate, the costs of public health measures or the benefits?

  costs
• health, safety and economic well-being are the major factors that contribute to the general welfare
• the tragedy of the commons results in the overuse/pollution of a shared resource because each individual cares more about their own interests than the interests of the whole population
• paternalism is the restriction of people's individual freedom with the aim of protecting their health and safety
• what is it called when certain acts or policies are promoted or discouraged based on the person's moral beliefs?

  moralism
• the George W Bush administration was notorious for political interference with science
• political interference with science occurs when scientific evidence is manipulated and distorted to fit its political agenda
• which president by and large restored scientific integrity to federal policy making?

  Barack Obama
• social justice emphasizes the common good while market justice emphasizes individual responsibility
• businesses often resist public health measures because they affect profits
• the tragedy of the commons is exemplified most in many environmental laws
• paternalism is only acceptable for laws concerning children
• which sociopolitical view has a strong tradition in the US?

  libertarian