21st

• Q: The National Artist or Pambansang Alagad ng

  Sining

  A: a distinction given to a Filipino who excellently

  contributed to the enrichment of national art
• Jose Garcia Villa (Poetry)
• Q: – In this

  rhyme scheme, the last sounded consonants

  of the last syllable are reversed to form the

  corresponding rhyme.

  A: Reversed Consonance Rhyme Scheme
• Q: – These are poems in which a

  comma is placed after every word.

  A: Comma Poems
• Villa said, “The

  commas are an integral and essential part of the

  medium; regulating the poem’s verbal density

  and time movement: enabling each word to

  attain a fuller tonal value, and the line movement

  to become more measured.”
• Nick Joaquin (Short Story)
• Q: one of Nick Joaquin's most well-known works. Set in post-World War II Manila, it examines identity, colonialism, and the search for self. The protagonist, Connie Escobar, grapples with existential questions and her perception of reality. The novel is hailed for its rich symbolism

  and allegorical elements, offering a profound exploration of the Filipino psyche and historical consciousness.

  A: The Woman Who Had Two Navels (1961)
• A: Portrait of the Artist as Filipino (1952)


  Q:considered a classic in Philippine literature. Set in pre-World War II Manila, it revolves around the Marasigan sisters and their struggle to cope with societal changes. The play delves into themes of art, cultural heritage, and the clash between tradition and modernity. "Portrait of the Artist as Filipino" is recognized for its poignant portrayal of Filipino identity and the impact of cultural transformation on individuals and families.
• Amado V. Hernandez (Novel)
• A: Isang Dipang Langit (A Span of Sky, 1947)

  Q:Hernandez's poetry collection "Isang Dipang Langit" a seminal work in Philippine literature. Written during his imprisonment, the poems reflect the author's social awareness and his commitment to addressing issues of injustice and inequality. The verses encapsulate the Filipino spirit's resilience in the face of adversity and express the longing for freedom.
• A: Bayang Malaya (Free Land, 1939)

  Q: a collection of poems that reflects the author's nationalist and revolutionary spirit. Written during a tumultuous period in Philippine

  history, these poems express the fervor for independence and social justice. The collection is infused with themes of patriotism, resistance, and the collective aspirations of the Filipino people for a liberated nation.
• A: World Literature

  Q: It is considered in a global context. It suggests the sum of the total world's national literature and the circulation of work into the wider world beyond the country's origin.
• A: Book of Changes


  Q: one of the most important  classical texts in Chinese literature book of  divination based on eight trigrams, which  existed during the Zhou dynasty 
• A: The Classic of Rites

  Q: texts that describe  ancient rites and ceremonies
• A: Analects of Confucius 


  Q: book of sayings  recorded by his disciples that talks about  harmonious living and how to deal with other  people 
• A: INDIAN LITERATURE 


  Q: Sanskrit, Vedas, Panchatantra (Five headings)
• • A: Sanskrit 


  Q: literature of India. The word "sanskrit"  means cultivated or perfected
• A: Vedas


  Q: the bible of the Indians
• A: JAPANESE LITERATURE


  Katakana, Haiku, Tanka
• A: AFRICAN LITERATURE


  Literary pursuits explored the themes of

  freedom, colonialism, condemnation of

  European superiority, and pride in the African

  inherent identity among others.
• A: "Half of a Yellow Sun" by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie (2006)


  Q: Set during the Nigerian Civil War,  the novel follows the lives of three characters  as they navigate love, politics, and the  impact of conflict. It explores the Biafran  struggle for independence and its  consequences.
• Q: Important Lesson of Half a Yellow Sun


  A:  Illuminates the human cost  of war, addresses post-colonial identity, and  reflects on the complexities of national and  personal loyalties.
• A: "Americanah" by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie  (2013)


  Q: The novel follows Ifemelu, a  Nigerian woman who emigrates to the U.S.  and later returns to Nigeria. It explores  themes of race, identity, and the immigrant  experience.
• Important Lesson of "Americanah" by Chimamanda Ngozi Adichie  (2013)


  A: Addresses issues of race  and cultural identity, challenging  stereotypes and offering a nuanced  perspective on the African diaspora.
• A: "Homegoing" by Yaa Gyasi (2016)


  Q: The novel spans several  generations, tracing the parallel paths of two  half-sisters and their descendants in Ghana  and the United States. It explores the impact  of slavery on individuals and families.
• Q: Important Lesson of "Homegoing" by Yaa Gyasi (2016)


  A: Examines the  intergenerational effects of slavery and the  enduring connections between Africa and  the African diaspora."
• Q: EUROPEAN LITERATURE 


  A:  "The Iliad and The Odyssey" by Home, "Divine Comedy" by Dante Alighieri
• Important Lesson "The Iliad and The Odyssey" by Homer 


   Explores themes of heroism,  fate, and the intervention of gods in human  affairs. "The Odyssey" additionally emphasizes  the importance of wit and cunning in  overcoming obstacles.