A Priori vs A Posteriori

    Cards (19)

    • a priori: knowlege is based on rationalisation and does not rely on experience data. This knowledge is justified mathematically or by definition
    • Tautology: saying something obviously true. For example, all bachelors are unmarried
    • a posteriori: knowledge is based on experience
    • Empirical Knowledge: knowledge or source of knowledge gathered via the senses
    • Analytic statements: statements where the predicate is contained within the subject. No additional information is needed.
    • An example of an analytic statement is bachelors are unmarried.
    • An example of a priori knowledge is all bachelors are unmarried.
    • An example of a posteriori knowledge is all bachelors feel a sense of liberation.
    • Synthetic statement: statement that relies on additional information not contained within the subject.
    • An example of a synthetic statement is opthamologists are rich.
    • In an Analytic statement the predicate (description) is contained within the subject. In a Synthetic statement the predicate is not contained within the subject and additional knowledge is required.
    • Deductive argument: arguments when the premises guaruntee the conclusion
    • Deductive arguments always have a neccessary conclusion.
    • Example of a Deductive argument
      • P1 = Circles are round
      • P2 = This shape is round
      • C = This shape is a circle
    • Inductive arguments: arguments where the premises mean the conclusion is likely but not certain
    • Inductive arguments always have a probable conclusion.
    • Example of an inductive arguments
      • P1 = School is open on weekdays
      • P2 = School is open
      • C = Today must be a weekday
    • Philosophy: is the study of deep questions
    • Syllogistic Logic: the terms of two premises can be united to form a conclusion
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