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Paper 1
Social Approach
Pilliavin et al 1969
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Results Pilliavin
Paper 1 > Social Approach > Pilliavin et al 1969
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Conclusions Pilliavin
Paper 1 > Social Approach > Pilliavin et al 1969
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Paper 1 > Social Approach > Pilliavin et al 1969
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Sample Pilliavin
Paper 1 > Social Approach > Pilliavin et al 1969
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Evaluation Pilliavin
Paper 1 > Social Approach > Pilliavin et al 1969
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Cards (33)
Bystander
People who are
physically
present at the scene of an event or
incident
but do not take an
active
part in
helping
others in need
Bystander
apathyA term used to describe the lack of
help
offered in such situations
Diffusion
of
responsibility
When an accident is observed by more than one person there might be a diffusion of responsibility
Diffusion
: the spreading of something more
widely.
aim
Pilvin aimed to investigate factors affecting helping behavior on a new
york subway train
.
To investigate
bystander
behavior in a
natural
setting.
To test the
diffusion
of
responsibility
hypothesis in
real life
setting
To examine the
relationship
between
size
of group , and
frequency
and
latency
of helping response with a
face-to-face
victim.
Dependent variable :
time
taken for a passenger to
help.
total
number
of passengers who offered
help.
verbal
remarks were also recorded.
Independent variable :
type of victim - either
drunk
or
ill
race of victim either
black
or
white
the model behavior -
close
or
distant
proximity and helping
early
or
late.
size of bystander group (
naturally
occurring)
Conditions
Critical
/
early
The model stood in the
critical
area and waited
70
seconds to help the victim.
Critical
/
late
The model stood in the
critical
area and waited
150
seconds to help the victim.
Adjacent
/
early
The model stood in the
adjacent
area and waited
70
seconds to help the victim
Adjacent
/late
The model stood in the adjacent area and waited
150
seconds to help the victi
Qualitative
Bystander
comments
Female
“I
wish
i could
help
him”
“I'm not
strong
enough “
“ I
never
saw this
kind
of
thing
before”
“I don't know where to
look”
“You feel
bad
that you don't know what to
do”
Strengths
Field experiment: (
real
life setting)
High
ecological
Validity: (
generalize
to real life)
Controls (
length
of the journey , time taken for the actor/
victim
to fall)
Quantitative
Data : the time taken for a
vitamin
to receive help
The
independent groups
design as different people were exposed to different models on their
journey.
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